Praseodymium-141: rmv cat
| Name = Oxovanadium(IV) perchlorate
| OtherNames = {{ubl|Vanadyl diperchlorate|Vanadium(IV) oxo perchlorate}}
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 15305-73-4
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo2 = 15333-33-2
| CASNo2_Comment = pentahydrate
| SMILES = O=[V+2].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O
}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = VO(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>
| MolarMass = 265.84 g/mol
| Appearance = Blue crystalline solid or solution (hydrated forms)
| Solubility = Soluble in water
}}
}}
”’Oxovanadium(IV) perchlorate”’ is an [[inorganic compound]] containing the [[vanadyl]] ion, VO<sup>2+</sup>, and [[perchlorate]] anions, with the formula VO(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>. It is usually encountered in hydrated form or in aqueous solution. The pentahydrate, VO(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>·5H<sub>2</sub>O, is a well-characterized form.
== Preparation ==
Oxovanadium(IV) perchlorate can be prepared from [[vanadyl sulfate]] by metathesis with a soluble perchlorate salt. For example, aqueous vanadyl sulfate and [[barium perchlorate]] react to precipitate insoluble barium sulfate, leaving oxovanadium(IV) perchlorate in solution:<ref name=Lundberg>{{cite journal
|title=A coordination chemistry study of hydrated and solvated cationic vanadium ions in oxidation states +III, +IV, and +V in solution and solid state
|journal=Inorganic Chemistry
|year=2012
|volume=51
|issue=6
|pages=3471–3482
|doi=10.1021/ic300202f
}}</ref>
:VOSO<sub>4</sub> + Ba(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> → VO(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> + BaSO<sub>4</sub>↓
The resulting solution can be concentrated by evaporation.<ref name=Lundberg />
An older preparation used vanadium(IV) hydroxide and approximately 3.5 N perchloric acid.<ref>{{cite journal
|last1=Tishchenko
|first1=A. F.
|last2=Golub
|first2=A. M.
|title=Formation of vanadium(IV) perchlorate
|journal=Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Khimiya i Khimicheskaya Tekhnologiya
|year=1974
|volume=17
|issue=5
|pages=656–658
}}</ref>
== Properties ==
=== Hydration and aqueous structure ===
The pentahydrate, VO(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>·5H<sub>2</sub>O, dissolves readily in water. In dilute aqueous solution the vanadium(IV) centre is present predominantly as the pentaaquaoxovanadium(IV) ion, [VO(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>5</sub>]<sup>2+</sup>, with perchlorate acting mainly as a non-coordinating counterion.<ref>{{cite journal
|last1=Sathyanarayana
|first1=D. N.
|last2=Patel
|first2=C. C.
|title=A physicochemical study of vanadyl perchlorate pentahydrate
|journal=Indian Journal of Chemistry
|year=1965
|volume=3
|issue=11
|pages=486–489
}}</ref>
Modern structural and spectroscopic studies of aqueous VO(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> likewise support a strongly hydrated VO<sup>2+</sup> cation with weak perchlorate coordination in water.<ref name=Lundberg />
The characteristic blue colour of its aqueous solutions is due to the d<sup>1</sup> oxovanadium(IV) ion.
=== Coordination chemistry ===
Oxovanadium(IV) perchlorate is commonly used as a source of VO<sup>2+</sup> in coordination chemistry because perchlorate is only weakly coordinating.
Addition of [[dimethyl sulfoxide]] to concentrated aqueous VO(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> gives the complex [VO(DMSO)<sub>5</sub>](ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>.<ref name=Lundberg /> Similar complexes are known with other oxygen-donor ligands.
A methyl phenyl sulfoxide complex of composition
VO(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>·4MPSO
has also been reported.<ref>{{cite journal
|last1=Agarwal
|first1=R. K.
|last2=Singh
|first2=Pitam
|last3=Singh
|first3=Lakshman
|title=Synthesis and characterization of oxovanadium(IV) complexes of methyl phenyl sulfoxide
|journal=Revue Roumaine de Chimie
|year=1993
|volume=38
|issue=7
|pages=853–858
}}</ref>
Oxovanadium(IV) perchlorate has therefore been widely used as a precursor to other vanadyl complexes.<ref>{{cite journal
|last1=Agarwal
|first1=Ram K.
|last2=Singh
|first2=Lakshman
|last3=Sharma
|first3=Deepak K.
|last4=Singh
|first4=Ritu
|title=Synthesis, spectral and thermal investigations of some oxovanadium(IV) complexes of hydrazones of isonicotinic acid hydrazide
|journal=Turkish Journal of Chemistry
|year=2005
|volume=29
|issue=3
|pages=309–316
}}</ref>
== Safety ==
Oxovanadium(IV) perchlorate is an oxidizing perchlorate salt. Contact with combustible or strongly reducing materials should be avoided.
== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{Vanadium compounds}}
{{Perchlorates}}
[[Category:Vanadium(IV) compounds]]
[[Category:Perchlorates]]
