{"id":9243,"date":"2026-05-08T15:05:00","date_gmt":"2026-05-08T15:05:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev95.site\/hedy-lamarr-famous-actress-and-military-inventor\/"},"modified":"2026-05-08T15:05:00","modified_gmt":"2026-05-08T15:05:00","slug":"hedy-lamarr-famous-actress-and-military-inventor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dev95.site\/ar\/hedy-lamarr-famous-actress-and-military-inventor\/","title":{"rendered":"Hedy Lamarr: Famous Actress and Military Inventor"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"dev95-798079942\" class=\"dev95-- dev95-entity-placement\" role=\"region\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\"><script async=\"async\" data-cfasync=\"false\" src=\"https:\/\/pl27862732.profitableratecpmnetwork.com\/2ad7a50e0bbc23ac6801d7b77c501463\/invoke.js\"><\/script>\r\n<div id=\"container-2ad7a50e0bbc23ac6801d7b77c501463\"><\/div><\/div><div id=\"dev95-3277229614\" class=\"dev95-before-content dev95-entity-placement\" role=\"region\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Stop wasting time on dead links! \ud83d\uded1 This smart platform automatically detects your device and country to give you the exact best offer instantly. Check it out now 100% free! \ud83d\udc47<\/strong><br data-sfc-root=\"ep\" data-sfc-pl=\"|||[]\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10);\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.profitableratecpmnetwork.com\/pvhx5mbcc?key=ff7d362db3c20bc86fad685cc94f1fc4\">\ud83d\udd17 <strong class=\"rQesXe MPyX\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"ep\" data-complete=\"true\" aria-owns=\"action-menu-parent-container\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10);\">[Click here]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><div>\n<p class=\"\"><em>Hedy Lamarr may not be as well-known an actress as Greta Garbo or Marilyn Monroe, but she made a more important contribution to society beyond her acting career.\u00a0 Lamarr had an acting career in Europe, which led her to the area of invention. She then moved to the USA, where she continued her acting career. There she collaborated with another person on an invention that would make a significant contribution to military and electronic technology. Hedy Lamarr was a lesser-known actress but a co-pioneer in the field of modern electronics communications.<\/em><\/p><div id=\"dev95-945147581\" class=\"dev95- dev95-entity-placement\" role=\"region\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\"><center>\r\n<script>\r\n  atOptions = {\r\n    'key' : '4ba6b6513c00e0ba76511f798ae56401',\r\n    'format' : 'iframe',\r\n    'height' : 50,\r\n    'width' : 320,\r\n    'params' : {}\r\n  };\r\n<\/script>\r\n<script src=\"https:\/\/www.highrevenueformat.com\/4ba6b6513c00e0ba76511f798ae56401\/invoke.js\"><\/script>\r\n\t<\/center><\/div>\n<p class=\"\"><em>Daniel Boustead explains.<\/em><\/p>\n<figure class=\"\n              sqs-block-image-figure\n              intrinsic\n            \"><\/p>\n<p>                <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" data-stretch=\"false\" data-image=\"https:\/\/images.squarespace-cdn.com\/content\/v1\/50adfa2ae4b0cc1d786569eb\/37229b6d-2758-4025-a63e-a9679bb7ef3f\/20260508+960px-Hedy_Lamarr_Ziegfeld_Girl.jpg\" data-image-dimensions=\"960x1375\" data-image-focal-point=\"0.5,0.5\" alt=\"\" data-load=\"false\" elementtiming=\"system-image-block\" data-sqsp-image-classic-block-image src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/images.squarespace-cdn.com\/content\/v1\/50adfa2ae4b0cc1d786569eb\/37229b6d-2758-4025-a63e-a9679bb7ef3f\/20260508%2B960px-Hedy_Lamarr_Ziegfeld_Girl.jpg?resize=960%2C1375&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"960\" height=\"1375\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, (max-width: 767px) 100vw, 100vw\" onload='this.classList.add(\"loaded\")' srcset=\"https:\/\/images.squarespace-cdn.com\/content\/v1\/50adfa2ae4b0cc1d786569eb\/37229b6d-2758-4025-a63e-a9679bb7ef3f\/20260508+960px-Hedy_Lamarr_Ziegfeld_Girl.jpg?format=100w 100w, https:\/\/images.squarespace-cdn.com\/content\/v1\/50adfa2ae4b0cc1d786569eb\/37229b6d-2758-4025-a63e-a9679bb7ef3f\/20260508+960px-Hedy_Lamarr_Ziegfeld_Girl.jpg?format=300w 300w, https:\/\/images.squarespace-cdn.com\/content\/v1\/50adfa2ae4b0cc1d786569eb\/37229b6d-2758-4025-a63e-a9679bb7ef3f\/20260508+960px-Hedy_Lamarr_Ziegfeld_Girl.jpg?format=500w 500w, https:\/\/images.squarespace-cdn.com\/content\/v1\/50adfa2ae4b0cc1d786569eb\/37229b6d-2758-4025-a63e-a9679bb7ef3f\/20260508+960px-Hedy_Lamarr_Ziegfeld_Girl.jpg?format=750w 750w, https:\/\/images.squarespace-cdn.com\/content\/v1\/50adfa2ae4b0cc1d786569eb\/37229b6d-2758-4025-a63e-a9679bb7ef3f\/20260508+960px-Hedy_Lamarr_Ziegfeld_Girl.jpg?format=1000w 1000w, https:\/\/images.squarespace-cdn.com\/content\/v1\/50adfa2ae4b0cc1d786569eb\/37229b6d-2758-4025-a63e-a9679bb7ef3f\/20260508+960px-Hedy_Lamarr_Ziegfeld_Girl.jpg?format=1500w 1500w, https:\/\/images.squarespace-cdn.com\/content\/v1\/50adfa2ae4b0cc1d786569eb\/37229b6d-2758-4025-a63e-a9679bb7ef3f\/20260508+960px-Hedy_Lamarr_Ziegfeld_Girl.jpg?format=2500w 2500w\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-loader=\"sqs\"><figcaption data-sqsp-image-classic-block-caption-container class=\"image-caption-wrapper\">\n<p class=\"\"><em>Hedy Lamarr for the film Ziegfeld Girl  in 1941. Sour e: Public domain, available <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Hedy_Lamarr_Ziegfeld_Girl.jpg\"><em>here<\/em><\/a><em>.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"\">Hedy Lamarr was born Hedwig Kiesler in Vienna, Austria, on November 9, 1914, to assimilated Jewish parents.<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0565839e-d276-4aad-9544-8627e241a3b2#_ftn1\" title=\"\"><span>[1]<\/span><\/a>\u00a0 Hedy\u2019s\u00a0mother had converted to Roman Catholicism. Her \u00a0mother was a concert pianist who encouraged her to pursue the arts. Lamarr\u2019s acting and interest in inventions started then. It was after taking acting classes that Hedy appeared in the Austrian-German film <em>Money on the Street <\/em>in 1930. In 1933, she played Empress Elisabeth of Austria in the stage play <em>Sissy <\/em>in Vienna, earning praise and accolades from the critics.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">In August 1933, Hedy married Friedrich \u201cFritz\u201d Mandl, a wealthy industrialist and Austrian arms manufacturer (1). Hedy converted to Fritz\u2019s Roman Catholic faith. \u00a0Fritz, because of his business dealings, associated with Europe\u2019s fascist movements, which included <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historyisnowmagazine.com\/blog\/2019\/6\/30\/why-did-world-war-two-happen-how-the-fascists-hitler-mussolini-and-horthy-led-to-the-outbreak-of-world-war-two?rq=Nazi%20Germany\" target=\"_blank\">Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Mandel supplied ammunition to Fascist Italy and was friends with that country\u2019s leader, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historyisnowmagazine.com\/blog\/2021\/5\/9\/the-fates-of-benito-mussolini-his-wife-rachele-and-the-mistress-who-wouldnt-leave-his-side?rq=Benito%20Mussolini\" target=\"_blank\">Benito Mussolini<\/a>, who visited for a dinner party (1). It was during these dinner parties that business discussions came up.\u00a0 Mandl decided to show off his wife, Hedy, by having her sit in on these business dinner meetings.<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0565839e-d276-4aad-9544-8627e241a3b2#_ftn2\" title=\"\"><span>[2]<\/span><\/a> A frequent topic of conversation that came up at Mandl\u2019s meetings was how Mandl\u2019s torpedoes would often completely miss their targets.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">What Hedy learned in these business dinner meetings was that the militaries of the time wanted a way to guide torpedoes through the water (2). Although radio control would have helped the torpedoes\u2019 guidance of the day, they could easily be jammed. Fritz Mandl\u2019s Berlin-based munitions factory also dealt with aircraft control systems and the jamming of radio-controlled systems.<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0565839e-d276-4aad-9544-8627e241a3b2#_ftn3\" title=\"\"><span>[3]<\/span><\/a> In the hundreds of dinners and meetings that Hedy attended with her husband Mandl, she learned about radio-jamming and radio-hopping. Hedy, in these various social excursions, learned a lot about the tensions in interwar Europe, and she gained knowledge of arms manufacturing and weaponry (1). These meetings would have a significant impact on the history of electronics and military weapons. <\/p>\n<p class=\"\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Leaving Austria<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">In 1937, Hedy was deeply unhappy with her marriage to Fritz Mandl and was unable to pursue her acting career in Austria (1). She left the country for London, United Kingdom, that same year. \u00a0She also left Austria because she was an Anti-Nazi of Jewish descent (3). It was there that she met with Louis B. Mayer, the co-founder of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) Studios (1). From London, she boarded the ship <em>SS Normandie <\/em>for New York. When she arrived in the USA, Hedy changed her name from Hedwig Kiesler to Hedy Lamarr in honor of the silent film actress Barbara La Marr. In 1938, Hedy Lamarr had her breakthrough Hollywood role in the film <em>Algiers<\/em>. Her biggest film hit was <em>Samson and Delilah <\/em>in 1949. <\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Hedy Lamarr\u2019s impact in the field of electronics and military weapons was a result of the U-Boat war against the Allies (1). On September 17, 1940, the <em>SS City of Benares<\/em> was transporting 90 evacuee children from the United Kingdom to Canada. It was sunk by a German <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historyisnowmagazine.com\/blog\/2021\/7\/26\/nazi-germanys-wonder-weapons-and-their-many-flaws?rq=U-Boat\" target=\"_blank\">U-Boat<\/a>. The vast majority of the children and adult passengers died in the attack. Hedy Lamarr was motivated to support the Allied cause because of this incident.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">In 1940, Hedy met avant-garde composer George Antheil at a Hollywood dinner party (1). George Antheil was also her neighbor (3). \u00a0It was after striking up a friendship with Antheil that they began working on her idea for a remote-controlled torpedo because of the previously mentioned sinking (1). Hedy came up with the idea of using radio-frequency hopping to reduce the risk of detection or jamming for radio-controlled torpedoes (3). Although the concept of radio control for torpedoes was nothing new, the idea of frequency hopping was). Lamarr would use radio broadcasting over an apparently random series of radio frequencies and then switched from frequency to frequency at split-second intervals. This resulted in the radio signals being able to avoid being jammed. The radio receiver was to be synchronized with the transmitter so that the two could jump frequencies together. If both the radio transmitter and the radio receiver were hopping in sync, the message could be transmitted clearly. However, if the opposing force tried to intercept the radio message, it would only hear random noise. The theory of frequency hopping was Hedy\u2019s contribution to the guidance of the new torpedo.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Invention<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">George Antheil\u2019s contribution to the torpedo was to develop a device inside of it (3). This device had the role of paper, with punched-in holes that allowed both radios in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historyisnowmagazine.com\/blog\/2023\/4\/4\/japanese-anti-submarine-warfare-in-world-war-2-a-little-bit-of-technology-a-little-bit-of-luck?rq=torpedo\" target=\"_blank\">torpedo<\/a> to be controlled by the same pattern of holes on the paper.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Hedy Lamarr and George Antheil worked on this idea for several months, and then in December, 1940 sent the description of the device to the National Inventors Council (3). The chairman of the organization was Charles Kettering, who was also the Research Director of General Motors. Kettering suggested that they consult the Electrical Engineering Department at the California Institute of Technology to help refine and perfect their concept. \u00a0On June 10, 1941, Lamarr and Antheil filed for a patent application for their invention (1). Hedy Lamarr filed the patent under her married name at the time, Hedy Kiesler Markey. On August 11, 1942, the invention received US patent No. 2,292,387 (1). The U.S. Patent was also referred to as No. 2,292,387A (5). The patent was listed under the title \u201cSecret Communications System\u201d, and it mentioned that a high altitude observation aircraft could steer the torpedo from above (3). Hedy and George sold the patent rights to the U.S. Navy. However, the U.S. Navy said they could not use the device because it was too large to fit into a torpedo. Hedy and George never profited from the device during their lifetime.<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0565839e-d276-4aad-9544-8627e241a3b2#_ftn4\" title=\"\"><span>[4]<\/span><\/a> The concept of frequency hopping largely disappeared after World War II ended.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">In 1957, Sylvania Electronics adapted the Antheil and Lamarr patent by using transistors in their device (3). In 1959, the original Lamarr and Antheil Patent expired, including Hedy\u2019s right to the patent.<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0565839e-d276-4aad-9544-8627e241a3b2#_ftn5\" title=\"\"><span>[5]<\/span><\/a> \u00a0In that same year, George Antheil died (1). The new device was used on ships that were used to blockade Cuba during the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis (3). The frequency-hopping spread-spectrum device known by the acronym BLADES was installed on the <em>Mount McKinley<\/em>, the flagship of the U.S. Navy\u2019s amphibious forces during the Cuban Missile Crisis.<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0565839e-d276-4aad-9544-8627e241a3b2#_ftn6\" title=\"\"><span>[6]<\/span><\/a> \u00a0The BLADES device on the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.historyisnowmagazine.com\/blog\/2015\/4\/23\/robert-kennedys-amazing-climb-up-mount-kennedy-always-do-what-you-are-afraid-to-do?rq=Mount%20McKinley\" target=\"_blank\"><em>Mount McKinley<\/em><\/a><em> <\/em>was not tested during the Cuban Missile Crisis due to a radio silence order. The American military also used the concept of frequency hopping in the development of \u201csonobuoys,\u201d which were used to detect enemy submarines (1). In addition, by the time of the\u00a0 Cuban Missile Crisis, American military ships had torpedoes which were controlled by frequency-hopping systems.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">In 1997, Antheil and Lamarr were jointly honored with the Electronic Frontier Foundation\u2019s Pioneer Award (1). Hedy Lamarr\u2019s son, Anthony, accepted the 1997 award on her behalf and played a message during the ceremony.<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0565839e-d276-4aad-9544-8627e241a3b2#_ftn7\" title=\"\"><span>[7]<\/span><\/a> In the tape-recorded message, Hedy stated: \u201cIn acknowledgement of your honoring me, I hope you feel as well as I feel good about it, and it was not done in vain. Thank You\u201d.<a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0565839e-d276-4aad-9544-8627e241a3b2#_ftn8\" title=\"\"><span>[8]<\/span><\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0The ceremony was held on the evening of March 12, 1997, at the Electronic Frontier Foundation conference in Burlingame, California, outside of San Francisco (7). \u00a0Lamarr and Antheil received the Sixth Annual Pioneer Award at the Electronic Frontier Foundation conference.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Hedy Lamarr passed away on January 19, 2000 in Casselberry, Florida at the age of 85 (1).<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Legacy<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Today, Antheil-Lamarr\u2019s concept is called \u201cSpread Spectrum,\u201d and more than 1,000 Spread Spectrum patents refer back to the Lamarr-Antheil patent (3). Spread Spectrum is now the basis for wireless communications such as WiFi and Bluetooth. These technologies allow devices to operate in the same radio spectrum without interfering with each other\u2019s signals. \u201cSpread spectrum\u201d is also a foundational technology used in military communications technologies, as well as in GPS and phone networks (1).<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Hedy Lamarr\u2019s acting career in the entertainment industry did not produce the level of fame that her contemporaries did. \u00a0She would escape the clutches of Nazi-occupied Europe and continue her acting career in the USA. \u00a0Her collaboration with George Antheil revolutionized the world of electronic communications. Hedy Lamarr was not an \u201cA-list\u201d actress, but, she and George Antheil left a lasting legacy in modern military communications and the modern electronic and digital world. <\/p>\n<p class=\"\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"\"><strong><em>The site has been offering a wide variety of high-quality, free history content since 2012. If you\u2019d like to say \u2018thank you\u2019 and help us with site running costs, <\/em><\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.paypal.com\/donate\/?hosted_button_id=G7XUDNQQER2BA\"><span><strong><em>please consider donating here<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/a><strong><em>.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"\"><strong>References<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Butler, Alun. \u201cHeady Lamarr, Movie Star and Inventor of Torpedo-control\u201d: Naval Historical Review, (June, 1999), 1-2.\u00a0Naval Historical Society of Australia, <a href=\"https:\/\/navyhistory.au\/hedy-lamarr-movie-star-and-inventor-of-torpedo-control\/\"><span>https:\/\/navyhistory.au\/hedy-lamarr-movie-star-and-inventor-of-torpedo-control\/<\/span><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">IEEE\u00a0 Standards Association. .\u201dActress\/Inventor Hedy Lamarr-and How Far Wireless Communications Has\u00a0 Come\u201d.\u00a0June 23rd, 2023. Accessed\u00a0 March 18th, 2026, <a href=\"https:\/\/standards.ieee.org\/beyond-standards\/hedy-lamarr\/\"><span>https:\/\/standards.ieee.org\/beyond-standards\/hedy-lamarr\/<\/span><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Lansberg, Erica. \u201cHedy Lamarr\u2019s WWII Invention Helped Shape Modern Tech\u201d. The National WWII Museum New Orleans, April 23rd, 2025, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalww2museum.org\/war\/articles\/hedy-lamarrs-wwii-invention-helped-shape-modern-tech\"><span>https:\/\/www.nationalww2museum.org\/war\/articles\/hedy-lamarrs-wwii-invention-helped-shape-modern-tech<\/span><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">National Inventors Hall of Fame. \u201cHedy Lamarr: Frequency Hopping Communications System\u201d. 2016. Accessed March 18th, 2026. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.invent.org\/inductees\/hedy-lamarr\"><span>https:\/\/www.invent.org\/inductees\/hedy-lamarr<\/span><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Rhodes, Richard, <em>Hedy\u2019s Folly: The Life and Breakthrough Inventions of Hedy Lamarr: The Most Beautiful Women in the World<\/em>. New York, New York: Vintage Books: A Division of Random House, Inc., 2011.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\">Wolf, William, <em>U.S. Aerial Armament in World War II: The Ultimate Look: Air-launched Rockets, Mines, Torpedoes, Guided Missiles, and Secret Weapons<\/em>. 3 vols. Atglen, Pennsylvania: Schiffer Military History of Schiffer Publishing Ltd, 2010.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\"><\/p>\n<p class=\"\"><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0565839e-d276-4aad-9544-8627e241a3b2#_ftnref1\" title=\"\"><span>[1]<\/span><\/a> Lansberg, Erica. \u201cHedy Lamarr\u2019s WWII Invention Helped Shape Modern Tech\u201d. The National WWII Museum New Orleans, April 23rd, 2025, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalww2museum.org\/war\/articles\/hedy-lamarrs-wwii-invention-helped-shape-modern-tech\"><span>https:\/\/www.nationalww2museum.org\/war\/articles\/hedy-lamarrs-wwii-invention-helped-shape-modern-tech<\/span><\/a> . <\/p>\n<p class=\"\"><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0565839e-d276-4aad-9544-8627e241a3b2#_ftnref2\" title=\"\"><span>[2]<\/span><\/a> Butler, Alun. \u201cHeady Lamarr, Movie Star and Inventor of Torpedo-control\u201d: Naval Historical Review, (June, 1999), 1-2. \u00a0Naval Historical Society of Australia, <a href=\"https:\/\/navyhistory.au\/hedy-lamarr-movie-star-and-inventor-of-torpedo-control\/\"><span>https:\/\/navyhistory.au\/hedy-lamarr-movie-star-and-inventor-of-torpedo-control\/<\/span><\/a> . <\/p>\n<p class=\"\"><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0565839e-d276-4aad-9544-8627e241a3b2#_ftnref3\" title=\"\"><span>[3]<\/span><\/a> Wolf, William, \u00a0<em>U.S. Aerial Armament in World War II: The Ultimate Look: Air-launched Rockets, Mines, Torpedoes, Guided Missiles, and Secret Weapons<\/em>. 3 vols. Atglen, Pennsylvania: Schiffer Military History of Schiffer Publishing Ltd, 2010. 105. <\/p>\n<p class=\"\"><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0565839e-d276-4aad-9544-8627e241a3b2#_ftnref4\" title=\"\"><span>[4]<\/span><\/a> National Inventors Hall of Fame. \u201cHedy Lamarr: Frequency Hopping Communications System\u201d. 2016. Accessed March 18th, 2026. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.invent.org\/inductees\/hedy-lamarr\"><span>https:\/\/www.invent.org\/inductees\/hedy-lamarr<\/span><\/a> . <\/p>\n<p class=\"\"><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0565839e-d276-4aad-9544-8627e241a3b2#_ftnref5\" title=\"\"><span>[5]<\/span><\/a> IEEE\u00a0 Standards Association. .\u201dActress\/Inventor Hedy Lamarr-and How Far Wireless Communications Has\u00a0 Come\u201d. \u00a0June 23rd, 2023. Accessed\u00a0 March 18th, 2026, <a href=\"https:\/\/standards.ieee.org\/beyond-standards\/hedy-lamarr\/\"><span>https:\/\/standards.ieee.org\/beyond-standards\/hedy-lamarr\/<\/span><\/a> . <\/p>\n<p class=\"\"><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0565839e-d276-4aad-9544-8627e241a3b2#_ftnref6\" title=\"\"><span>[6]<\/span><\/a> Rhodes, Richard, <em>Hedy\u2019s Folly: The Life and Breakthrough Inventions of Hedy Lamarr: The Most Beautiful Women in the World<\/em>. New York, New York: Vintage Books: A Division of Random House, Inc., 2011. 200.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\"><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0565839e-d276-4aad-9544-8627e241a3b2#_ftnref7\" title=\"\"><span>[7]<\/span><\/a> Lansberg, Erica. \u201cHedy Lamarr\u2019s WWII Invention Helped Shape Modern Tech\u201d. The National WWII Museum New Orleans, April 23rd, 2025, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalww2museum.org\/war\/articles\/hedy-lamarrs-wwii-invention-helped-shape-modern-tech\"><span>https:\/\/www.nationalww2museum.org\/war\/articles\/hedy-lamarrs-wwii-invention-helped-shape-modern-tech<\/span><\/a>.; Rhodes, Richard, <em>Hedy\u2019s Folly: The Life and Breakthrough Inventions of Hedy Lamarr: The Most Beautiful Women in the World<\/em>. New York, New York: Vintage Books: A Division of Random House, Inc., 2011. 214.<\/p>\n<p class=\"\"><a href=\"applewebdata:\/\/0565839e-d276-4aad-9544-8627e241a3b2#_ftnref8\" title=\"\"><span>[8]<\/span><\/a> Rhodes, Richard, <em>Hedy\u2019s Folly: The Life and Breakthrough Inventions of Hedy Lamarr: The Most Beautiful Women in the World<\/em>. New York, New York: Vintage Books: A Division of Random House, Inc., 2011. 214.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<p id=\"pvc_stats_9243\" class=\"pvc_stats total_only  \" data-element-id=\"9243\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon large\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" data-prefix=\"far\" data-icon=\"chart-bar\" role=\"img\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" class=\"svg-inline--fa fa-chart-bar fa-w-16 fa-2x\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M396.8 352h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V108.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v230.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm-192 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V140.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v198.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm96 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V204.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v134.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zM496 400H48V80c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16H16C7.16 64 0 71.16 0 80v336c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h464c8.84 0 16-7.16 16-16v-16c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16zm-387.2-48h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8v-70.4c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v70.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8z\" class=\"\"><\/path><\/svg><\/i> <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/dev95.site\/wp-content\/plugins\/page-views-count\/ajax-loader-2x.gif?resize=16%2C16&#038;ssl=1\" border=0 \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"dev95-598091290\" class=\"dev95-after-content dev95-entity-placement\" role=\"region\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Finally, a link that actually works for your region and device! \ud83c\udf0d Get instant access to the top exclusive offers tailored just for you right now. Don&#8217;t miss out, click here! \ud83d\udc47<\/strong><br data-sfc-root=\"ep\" data-sfc-pl=\"|||[]\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10);\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.profitableratecpmnetwork.com\/uzeja8ahze?key=bc876be53d6ad0ff6370ab8ea030e479\"><strong>\ud83d\udd17 [Click here]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hedy Lamarr may not be as well-known an actress as Greta Garbo or Marilyn Monroe, but she made a more important contribution to society beyond her acting career.\u00a0 Lamarr had an acting career in Europe, which led her to the<\/p>\n<div class=\"hosteria-entry-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dev95.site\/ar\/hedy-lamarr-famous-actress-and-military-inventor\/\" class=\"no-underline font-light  group-hover:text-primary-800 dark:group-hover:text-primary-300 py-1\">Read more &gt;&gt;&gt;<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<p id=\"pvc_stats_9243\" class=\"pvc_stats total_only\" data-element-id=\"9243\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon large\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" data-prefix=\"far\" data-icon=\"chart-bar\" role=\"img\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" class=\"svg-inline--fa fa-chart-bar fa-w-16 fa-2x\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M396.8 352h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V108.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v230.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm-192 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V140.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v198.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm96 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V204.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v134.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zM496 400H48V80c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16H16C7.16 64 0 71.16 0 80v336c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h464c8.84 0 16-7.16 16-16v-16c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16zm-387.2-48h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8v-70.4c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v70.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8z\" class=\"\"><\/path><\/svg><\/i> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading\" src=\"https:\/\/dev95.site\/wp-content\/plugins\/page-views-count\/ajax-loader-2x.gif\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fp_fajr_begins":"","fp_fajr_iqamah":"","fp_dhuhr_begins":"","fp_dhuhr_iqamah":"","fp_asr_begins":"","fp_asr_iqamah":"","fp_maghrib_begins":"","fp_maghrib_iqamah":"","fp_isha_begins":"","fp_isha_iqamah":"","fp_midnight":"","fp_midnight_name":"","fp_sunrise":"","fp_single_prayer_begins_title":"","fp_single_prayer_iqamah_title":"","fp_prayer_times_for_today":"","fp_hijra_date":"","fp_fajr_name":"","fp_dhuhr_name":"","fp_asr_name":"","fp_maghrib_name":"","fp_isha_name":"","fp_sunrise_name":"","fp_currentDate":"","fp_current_time":"","fp_current_title":"","fp_current_location":"","fp_masjid_name":"","fp_prayer_title":"","fp_next_prayer_iqamah_time":"","fp_next_prayer_iqamah_title":"","fp_next_prayer_begins_time":"","fp_next_prayer_begins_title":"","fp_next_prayer_title":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9243","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-posts"],"a3_pvc":{"activated":true,"total_views":9,"today_views":0},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - 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