{"id":2463,"date":"2026-09-18T08:33:54","date_gmt":"2026-09-18T08:33:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev95.site\/holmium-perchlorate\/"},"modified":"2026-09-18T08:33:54","modified_gmt":"2026-09-18T08:33:54","slug":"holmium-perchlorate","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dev95.site\/ar\/holmium-perchlorate\/","title":{"rendered":"Holmium perchlorate"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"dev95-2599466043\" class=\"dev95-- dev95-entity-placement\"><script async=\"async\" data-cfasync=\"false\" src=\"https:\/\/pl27862732.profitableratecpmnetwork.com\/2ad7a50e0bbc23ac6801d7b77c501463\/invoke.js\"><\/script>\r\n<div id=\"container-2ad7a50e0bbc23ac6801d7b77c501463\"><\/div><\/div><div>\n<p>Praseodymium-141: +<\/p>\n<hr>\n<div>{{Chembox<br \/>\n| Name = Holmium perchlorate<br \/>\n| OtherNames = Holmium(III) perchlorate<br \/>\n|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers<br \/>\n| CASNo = 14017-54-0<br \/>\n| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}<br \/>\n| CASNo2 = 14692-19-4<br \/>\n| CASNo2_Comment = octahydrate<br \/>\n| CASNo3 = 14692-16-1<br \/>\n| CASNo3_Comment = nonahydrate<br \/>\n}}<br \/>\n|Section2={{Chembox Properties<br \/>\n| Formula = Ho(ClO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;\/sub&gt;)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt;<br \/>\n| MolarMass = 463.28 g\/mol<br \/>\n| Appearance = Crystalline solid<br \/>\n| Solubility = Soluble in water<br \/>\n}}<br \/>\n|Section3={{Chembox Structure<br \/>\n| CrystalStruct = Hexagonal (anhydrous)<br \/>\n| SpaceGroup = &#8221;P&#8221;6&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt;\/&#8221;m&#8221;, No. 176<br \/>\n| LattConst_a = 0.9218 nm<br \/>\n| LattConst_c = 0.5618 nm<br \/>\n| UnitCellFormulas = 2<br \/>\n}}<br \/>\n}}<\/p>\n<p>&#8221;&#8217;Holmium perchlorate&#8221;&#8217; is an [[inorganic compound]] of [[holmium]] and the [[perchlorate]] ion, with the formula Ho(ClO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;\/sub&gt;)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt;. It is known in anhydrous form and as several hydrates, including octa- and nonahydrates. In dilute aqueous solution, Ho&lt;sup&gt;3+&lt;\/sup&gt; occurs principally as the octaaqua ion [Ho(H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;O)&lt;sub&gt;8&lt;\/sub&gt;]&lt;sup&gt;3+&lt;\/sup&gt;.&lt;ref name=Rudolph \/&gt;<\/p><div id=\"dev95-1699756420\" class=\"dev95- dev95-entity-placement\"><center>\r\n<script>\r\n  atOptions = {\r\n    'key' : '4ba6b6513c00e0ba76511f798ae56401',\r\n    'format' : 'iframe',\r\n    'height' : 50,\r\n    'width' : 320,\r\n    'params' : {}\r\n  };\r\n<\/script>\r\n<script src=\"https:\/\/www.highrevenueformat.com\/4ba6b6513c00e0ba76511f798ae56401\/invoke.js\"><\/script>\r\n\t<\/center><\/div>\n<p>== Preparation ==<br \/>\nHydrated holmium perchlorate can be prepared by dissolving [[holmium(III) oxide]] in aqueous [[perchloric acid]]:<\/p>\n<p>:Ho&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt; + 6 HClO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;\/sub&gt; \u2192 2 Ho(ClO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;\/sub&gt;)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt; + 3 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;O<\/p>\n<p>A modern spectroscopic study prepared aqueous Ho(ClO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;\/sub&gt;)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt; by dissolving Ho&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt; in 6 mol\/L perchloric acid and subsequently diluting the resulting stock solution.&lt;ref name=Rudolph&gt;{{cite journal<br \/>\n |last1=Rudolph<br \/>\n |first1=Wolfram W.<br \/>\n |last2=Irmer<br \/>\n |first2=Gert<br \/>\n |title=On the Hydration of Heavy Rare Earth Ions: Ho&lt;sup&gt;3+&lt;\/sup&gt;, Er&lt;sup&gt;3+&lt;\/sup&gt;, Tm&lt;sup&gt;3+&lt;\/sup&gt;, Yb&lt;sup&gt;3+&lt;\/sup&gt; and Lu&lt;sup&gt;3+&lt;\/sup&gt;\u2014A Raman Study<br \/>\n |journal=Molecules<br \/>\n |year=2019<br \/>\n |volume=24<br \/>\n |issue=10<br \/>\n |article-number=1953<br \/>\n |doi=10.3390\/molecules24101953<br \/>\n |pmid=31117271<br \/>\n |pmc=6572539<br \/>\n}}&lt;\/ref&gt;<\/p>\n<p>Anhydrous Ho(ClO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;\/sub&gt;)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt; has been prepared from hydrated material using chlorine oxide dehydrating agents under reduced pressure. Because anhydrous rare-earth perchlorates are strong oxidizers and can be sensitive to shock or contact with oxidizable substances, such preparations require careful handling.&lt;ref name=Pascal&gt;{{cite journal<br \/>\n |last1=Pascal<br \/>\n |first1=Jean-Louis<br \/>\n |last2=Favier<br \/>\n |first2=Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric<br \/>\n |last3=Cunin<br \/>\n |first3=Fr\u00e9d\u00e9rique<br \/>\n |last4=Fitch<br \/>\n |first4=Andrew N.<br \/>\n |last5=Vaughan<br \/>\n |first5=Gavin<br \/>\n |title=Crystalline and Molecular Structures of Anhydrous Lanthanide Perchlorates Ln(ClO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;\/sub&gt;)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt; with Ln = La, Ce, Pr, Sm, Eu, Ho, Er, Tm, and Lu<br \/>\n |journal=Journal of Solid State Chemistry<br \/>\n |year=1998<br \/>\n |volume=139<br \/>\n |issue=2<br \/>\n |pages=259\u2013265<br \/>\n |doi=10.1006\/jssc.1998.7838<br \/>\n}}&lt;\/ref&gt;<\/p>\n<p>== Properties ==<br \/>\n=== Anhydrous structure ===<br \/>\nAnhydrous Ho(ClO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;\/sub&gt;)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt; crystallizes in the [[hexagonal crystal system]], space group &#8221;P&#8221;6&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt;\/&#8221;m&#8221; (No. 176), with two formula units per unit cell.&lt;ref name=Pascal \/&gt;<\/p>\n<p>Its lattice parameters are &#8221;a&#8221; = 9.218(1) \u00c5, &#8221;c&#8221; = 5.618(1) \u00c5.&lt;ref name=Pascal \/&gt; It belongs to the common structural family of anhydrous lanthanide perchlorates extending from lanthanum through the low-temperature form of thulium.&lt;ref name=Pascal \/&gt;<\/p>\n<p>In this structure the lanthanide ions are nine-coordinate. The oxygen atoms belong to tridentate perchlorate groups, producing a channel-containing three-dimensional structure.&lt;ref name=Pascal \/&gt;<\/p>\n<p>The progressive decrease in the lattice parameters from La(ClO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;\/sub&gt;)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt; to the later lanthanides reflects the [[lanthanide contraction]].&lt;ref name=Pascal \/&gt;<\/p>\n<p>=== Hydrates ===<br \/>\nSeveral hydrated forms of holmium perchlorate have been reported, including the octahydrate Ho(ClO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;\/sub&gt;)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt;\u00b78H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;O and nonahydrate Ho(ClO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;\/sub&gt;)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt;\u00b79H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;O.<\/p>\n<p>Hydrated rare-earth perchlorates are readily obtained from aqueous perchloric-acid solutions, while controlled dehydration gives lower hydrates and ultimately the anhydrous compound.<\/p>\n<p>=== Aqueous solution ===<br \/>\nRaman spectroscopy shows that in dilute aqueous Ho(ClO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;\/sub&gt;)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;\/sub&gt;, the holmium ion is predominantly present as the octaaqua complex [Ho(H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;\/sub&gt;O)&lt;sub&gt;8&lt;\/sub&gt;]&lt;sup&gt;3+&lt;\/sup&gt;.&lt;ref name=Rudolph \/&gt;<\/p>\n<p>A broad, strongly polarized Raman band at approximately 387 cm&lt;sup&gt;\u22121&lt;\/sup&gt; has been assigned to the symmetric Ho\u2013O breathing vibration of this ion.&lt;ref name=Rudolph \/&gt; Among the heavy rare-earth ions studied, the Ho\u2013O distance is the largest, decreasing progressively through Er, Tm, Yb and Lu as a consequence of the lanthanide contraction.<\/p>\n<p>In dilute solutions, perchlorate behaves mainly as a weakly coordinating counterion. At higher concentrations, outer-sphere and contact ion pairing become increasingly important in heavy rare-earth perchlorate solutions.&lt;ref name=Rudolph \/&gt;<\/p>\n<p>== Coordination chemistry ==<br \/>\nHolmium perchlorate is often used as a soluble source of Ho&lt;sup&gt;3+&lt;\/sup&gt; for the synthesis of coordination compounds.<\/p>\n<p>For example, reaction with silver nitrate, isonicotinic acid and 2,2\u2032-biphenyldicarboxylic acid under hydrothermal conditions has been used to prepare a heterometallic Ho(III)\u2013Ag(I) coordination framework.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite journal<br \/>\n |last1=Lin<br \/>\n |first1=Xiao-Ming<br \/>\n |last2=Ding<br \/>\n |first2=Yu-Jia<br \/>\n |last3=Liang<br \/>\n |first3=Shui-Mei<br \/>\n |title=Two series of Ln(III)\u2013Ag(I) heterometallic\u2013organic frameworks constructed from isonicotinate and 2,2\u2032-biphenyldicarboxylate: synthesis, structure and photoluminescence properties<br \/>\n |journal=CrystEngComm<br \/>\n |year=2015<br \/>\n |volume=17<br \/>\n |issue=20<br \/>\n |pages=3800\u20133808<br \/>\n |doi=10.1039\/C5CE00478K<br \/>\n}}&lt;\/ref&gt;<\/p>\n<p>== Safety ==<br \/>\nHolmium perchlorate is an oxidizing perchlorate salt. Anhydrous lanthanide perchlorates in particular can react strongly with reducing or combustible materials and should be handled accordingly.&lt;ref name=Pascal \/&gt;<\/p>\n<p>== References ==<br \/>\n{{reflist}}<\/p>\n<p>{{Holmium compounds}}<br \/>\n{{Perchlorates}}<\/p>\n<p>[[Category:Holmium compounds]]<br \/>\n[[Category:Perchlorates]]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<p id=\"pvc_stats_2463\" class=\"pvc_stats total_only  \" data-element-id=\"2463\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" version=\"1.0\" viewBox=\"0 0 502 315\" preserveAspectRatio=\"xMidYMid meet\"><g transform=\"translate(0,332) scale(0.1,-0.1)\" fill=\"\" stroke=\"none\"><path d=\"M2394 3279 l-29 -30 -3 -207 c-2 -182 0 -211 15 -242 39 -76 157 -76 196 0 15 31 17 60 15 243 l-3 209 -33 29 c-26 23 -41 29 -80 29 -41 0 -53 -5 -78 -31z\"\/><path d=\"M3085 3251 c-45 -19 -58 -50 -96 -229 -47 -217 -49 -260 -13 -295 52 -53 146 -42 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2 0 -10 -19 -26 -42z\"\/><path d=\"M2375 1950 c-198 -44 -350 -190 -395 -379 -18 -76 -8 -221 19 -290 114 -284 457 -406 731 -260 98 52 188 154 231 260 27 69 37 214 19 290 -38 163 -166 304 -326 360 -67 23 -215 33 -279 19z\"\/><\/g><\/svg><\/i> <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/dev95.site\/wp-content\/plugins\/page-views-count\/ajax-loader-2x.gif?resize=16%2C16&#038;ssl=1\" border=0 \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Praseodymium-141: + {{Chembox | Name = Holmium perchlorate | OtherNames = Holmium(III) perchlorate |Section1={{Chembox Identifiers | CASNo = 14017-54-0 | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} | CASNo2 = 14692-19-4 | CASNo2_Comment = octahydrate | CASNo3 = 14692-16-1 | CASNo3_Comment = nonahydrate }}<\/p>\n<div class=\"hosteria-entry-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dev95.site\/ar\/holmium-perchlorate\/\" class=\"no-underline font-light  group-hover:text-primary-800 dark:group-hover:text-primary-300 py-1\">Read more &gt;&gt;&gt;<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<p id=\"pvc_stats_2463\" class=\"pvc_stats total_only\" data-element-id=\"2463\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon medium\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" version=\"1.0\" viewbox=\"0 0 502 315\" preserveaspectratio=\"xMidYMid meet\"><g transform=\"translate(0,332) scale(0.1,-0.1)\" fill=\"\" stroke=\"none\"><path d=\"M2394 3279 l-29 -30 -3 -207 c-2 -182 0 -211 15 -242 39 -76 157 -76 196 0 15 31 17 60 15 243 l-3 209 -33 29 c-26 23 -41 29 -80 29 -41 0 -53 -5 -78 -31z\"\/><path d=\"M3085 3251 c-45 -19 -58 -50 -96 -229 -47 -217 -49 -260 -13 -295 52 -53 146 -42 177 20 16 31 87 366 87 410 0 70 -86 122 -155 94z\"\/><path d=\"M1751 3234 c-13 -9 -29 -31 -37 -50 -12 -29 -10 -49 21 -204 19 -94 39 -189 45 -210 14 -50 54 -80 110 -80 34 0 48 6 76 34 21 21 34 44 34 59 0 14 -18 113 -40 219 -37 178 -43 195 -70 221 -36 32 -101 37 -139 11z\"\/><path d=\"M1163 3073 c-36 -7 -73 -59 -73 -102 0 -56 133 -378 171 -413 34 -32 83 -37 129 -13 70 36 67 87 -16 290 -86 209 -89 214 -129 231 -35 14 -42 15 -82 7z\"\/><path d=\"M3689 3066 c-15 -9 -33 -30 -42 -48 -48 -103 -147 -355 -147 -375 0 -98 131 -148 192 -74 13 15 57 108 97 206 80 196 84 226 37 273 -30 30 -99 39 -137 18z\"\/><path d=\"M583 2784 c-38 -19 -67 -74 -58 -113 9 -42 211 -354 242 -373 16 -10 45 -18 66 -18 51 0 107 52 107 100 0 39 -1 41 -124 234 -80 126 -108 162 -133 173 -41 17 -61 16 -100 -3z\"\/><path d=\"M4250 2784 c-14 -9 -74 -91 -133 -183 -95 -150 -107 -173 -107 -213 0 -55 33 -94 87 -104 67 -13 90 8 211 198 130 202 137 225 78 284 -27 27 -42 34 -72 34 -22 0 -50 -8 -64 -16z\"\/><path d=\"M2275 2693 c-553 -48 -1095 -270 -1585 -649 -135 -104 -459 -423 -483 -476 -23 -49 -22 -139 2 -186 73 -142 361 -457 571 -626 285 -228 642 -407 990 -497 242 -63 336 -73 660 -74 310 0 370 5 595 52 535 111 1045 392 1455 803 122 121 250 273 275 326 19 41 19 137 0 174 -41 79 -309 363 -465 492 -447 370 -946 591 -1479 653 -113 14 -422 18 -536 8z m395 -428 c171 -34 330 -124 456 -258 112 -119 167 -219 211 -378 27 -96 24 -300 -5 -401 -72 -255 -236 -447 -474 -557 -132 -62 -201 -76 -368 -76 -167 0 -236 14 -368 76 -213 98 -373 271 -451 485 -162 444 86 934 547 1084 153 49 292 57 452 25z m909 -232 c222 -123 408 -262 593 -441 76 -74 138 -139 138 -144 0 -16 -233 -242 -330 -319 -155 -123 -309 -223 -461 -299 l-81 -41 32 46 c18 26 49 83 70 128 143 306 141 649 -6 957 -25 52 -61 116 -79 142 l-34 47 45 -20 c26 -10 76 -36 113 -56z m-2057 25 c-40 -58 -105 -190 -130 -263 -110 -324 -59 -707 132 -981 25 -35 42 -64 37 -64 -19 0 -241 119 -326 174 -188 122 -406 314 -532 468 l-58 71 108 103 c185 178 428 349 672 473 66 33 121 60 123 61 2 0 -10 -19 -26 -42z\"\/><path d=\"M2375 1950 c-198 -44 -350 -190 -395 -379 -18 -76 -8 -221 19 -290 114 -284 457 -406 731 -260 98 52 188 154 231 260 27 69 37 214 19 290 -38 163 -166 304 -326 360 -67 23 -215 33 -279 19z\"\/><\/g><\/svg><\/i> <img 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