{"id":16755,"date":"2026-10-16T08:28:20","date_gmt":"2026-10-16T08:28:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev95.site\/acaba-hicap-dini-bir-konu-mudur-yoksa-kulturel-midir\/"},"modified":"2026-10-16T08:28:20","modified_gmt":"2026-10-16T08:28:20","slug":"acaba-hicap-dini-bir-konu-mudur-yoksa-kulturel-midir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dev95.site\/ar\/acaba-hicap-dini-bir-konu-mudur-yoksa-kulturel-midir\/","title":{"rendered":"Acaba hicap din\u00ee bir konu mudur, yoksa k\u00fclt\u00fcrel midir?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"dev95-2576322139\" class=\"dev95-- dev95-entity-placement\" role=\"region\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\"><script async=\"async\" data-cfasync=\"false\" src=\"https:\/\/pl27862732.profitableratecpmnetwork.com\/2ad7a50e0bbc23ac6801d7b77c501463\/invoke.js\"><\/script>\r\n<div id=\"container-2ad7a50e0bbc23ac6801d7b77c501463\"><\/div><\/div><div id=\"dev95-1430259407\" class=\"dev95-before-content dev95-entity-placement\" role=\"region\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Stop wasting time on dead links! \ud83d\uded1 This smart platform automatically detects your device and country to give you the exact best offer instantly. Check it out now 100% free! \ud83d\udc47<\/strong><br data-sfc-root=\"ep\" data-sfc-pl=\"|||[]\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10);\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.profitableratecpmnetwork.com\/pvhx5mbcc?key=ff7d362db3c20bc86fad685cc94f1fc4\">\ud83d\udd17 <strong class=\"rQesXe MPyX\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"ep\" data-complete=\"true\" aria-owns=\"action-menu-parent-container\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10);\">[Click here]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><p>merve.bayrakci<\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden\">\n<div class=\"field-items\">\n<div class=\"field-item even\">\n<p>Kimi iddialara g\u00f6re <em>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.indyturk.com\/tags\/hicap\" target=\"_blank\">hicap<\/a>&#8220;<\/em> ile ilgili bu denli tembihlerin nedeni, Fars k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Zira bu iddiaya g\u00f6re Abbasi sultanlar\u0131 hicap k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc Farslardan alm\u0131\u015f, kendi ailelerinde uygulam\u0131\u015f ve h\u00e2kimiyet kurduklar\u0131 b\u00f6lge halk\u0131n\u0131n han\u0131m ve k\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131n hicap konusunu uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 tembih etmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n<p>Oysaki hicap, Abbasi sultanlar\u0131ndan \u00f6nce de mevcuttu. Hatta Kur&#8217;an ve s\u00fcnnette de hicap konusu zikredilmi\u015ftir. Fakat detaylar\u0131 fakihler taraf\u0131ndan ortaya konulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p>Yani fakihler, kendilerince yapt\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7tihat ve istinbatlar\u0131yla bu konuya dair bir\u00e7ok h\u00fck\u00fcm \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015f ve hicap meselesinin s\u0131k\u0131 tutulmas\u0131na vesile olmu\u015flard\u0131r. Hatta diyebiliriz ki bununla ilgili ifratta dahi bulunmu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Asl\u0131nda hicap konusu, Kur&#8217;an ve \u0130slam ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f bir mesele de\u011fildir. Daha do\u011frusu, <em>&#8220;hicap&#8221; <\/em>ismini alan<em> &#8220;\u00f6rt\u00fc&#8221;<\/em> ya da<em> &#8220;\u00f6rt\u00fcnme&#8221;,<\/em> \u0130slam \u00f6ncesinde de var olan bir ger\u00e7ektir. Fakat <em>&#8220;\u00f6rt\u00fc&#8221;<\/em>n\u00fcn s\u0131k\u0131 tutulmas\u0131 ve din\u00ee <em>&#8220;hicap&#8221;<\/em> meselesine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi, muhtemelen Abbasiler sonras\u0131 d\u00f6neme aittir.<\/p>\n<p>Bizim konumuz, \u00f6rt\u00fcn\u00fcn ne zaman ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 meselesi de\u011fildir. \u00d6rt\u00fc ve \u00f6rt\u00fcnme, Nebi&#8217;nin kendi zaman\u0131nda da vard\u0131. Nitekim tarihin kay\u0131tlar\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle ge\u00e7er:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\"><em>Ensar&#8217;dan bir delikanl\u0131, gen\u00e7 bir k\u0131z\u0131 g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. K\u0131z\u0131n g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcslerinin \u00fcst k\u0131sm\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Delikanl\u0131 durmadan o k\u0131z\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k olan o yerine bak\u0131p duruyordu. G\u00f6zleri adeta o yere tak\u0131l\u0131p kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu \u015fekilde, etraf\u0131na dikkat etmeden gelip kafas\u0131n\u0131 dalg\u0131nca bir dire\u011fe vurdu. Aln\u0131 yar\u0131l\u0131p kan akmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu h\u00e2liyle de Nebi&#8217;nin yan\u0131na geldi ve &#8216;Ya Resulallah. Ba\u015f\u0131ma \u015f\u00f6yle bir durum geldi&#8217; dedi ve ba\u015f\u0131ndan ge\u00e7enleri ona anlatt\u0131. Bu hadiseden dolay\u0131 da Allah \u00f6rt\u00fc\/hicap ayetini nazil etti. B\u00f6ylece \u00f6rt\u00fc\/hicap meselesi \u0130slam dini ad\u0131na kayda ge\u00e7ti ve ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f oldu.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\nTabii ki hadislerde ge\u00e7en konular\u0131 ink\u00e2r etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir, fakat kimi fetvalardaki h\u00fck\u00fcmleri ink\u00e2r m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bununla birlikte naslarda (Kur&#8217;an ve s\u00fcnnette) ge\u00e7en konular\u0131 da do\u011fru okumak ve cahiliye \u00f6rf\u00fcn\u00fcn giydirdi\u011fi \u00e2detlerden onlar\u0131 temizleyip ar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131ktan sonra yeniden m\u00fctalaa etmek gerekir.<\/p>\n<p>K\u0131sacas\u0131 bir konu, her ne kadar ayetlerde ge\u00e7mi\u015f olsa dahi Kur&#8217;an&#8217;\u0131n<em> (hammalu&#8217;l-v\u00fccuh) &#8220;birden fazla anlam ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131ndan&#8221; <\/em>dolay\u0131 ayetleri hayli derinlemesine incelemek gerekir.<\/p>\n<p>Her bir m\u00fcfessir ya da fakih, Kur&#8217;an&#8217;da ge\u00e7en her bir ayete kendi zihnindeki mesbukat\u0131 (\u015fuur alt\u0131ndaki bilgileri) ve tasavvurlar\u0131 y\u00fckleyip ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve mesbukata g\u00f6re o ayetleri tefsir eder ve h\u00fck\u00fcm \u00e7\u0131kartmaya yeltenir ise i\u015fte s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 o zaman ba\u015flar ve onun \u00e7\u0131kartm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu bu faraziyeler i\u015fi \u00e7\u0131kmaza sokar.<\/p>\n<p>Daha a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7as\u0131, acaba onun bu faraziyeleri do\u011fru mudur, de\u011fil midir; Allah&#8217;tan m\u0131d\u0131r, \u00f6rften midir? Bunlar\u0131 derinlemesine tahkik etmek gerekir. Hatta o ayetleri anlamland\u0131r\u0131p h\u00fck\u00fcm \u00e7\u0131karmada fakihler aras\u0131nda <em>&#8220;icma&#8221; (g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f birli\u011fi)<\/em> olsa dahi yine de o ayetlere y\u00fcklenen anlamlara dikkat etmek gerekir.<\/p>\n<p><em>&#8220;\u0130cma&#8221;<\/em>, \u015feriat\u0131n d\u00f6rt delilinden yaln\u0131zca biridir. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde Kur&#8217;an&#8217;\u0131n nas olu\u015fu da d\u00f6rt delilden biridir. Bundan dolay\u0131 <em>&#8220;icma&#8221; <\/em>ve <em>&#8220;nas&#8221;<\/em>tan daha \u00f6nemli olan \u015fey, o nassta yer alan konuyu do\u011fru anlayabilmektir.<\/p>\n<p>Nass\u0131 anlamak genelde<em> &#8220;mesbukata&#8221;<\/em> dayal\u0131d\u0131r. Yani insan\u0131n \u015fuur alt\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan k\u00fclt\u00fcre vabestedir. As\u0131l \u00fczerinde durup konu\u015fulmas\u0131 gereken \u015fey ise bu k\u00fclt\u00fcrd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p><em>Acaba s\u00f6z konusu k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn kayna\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcm\u00fcyle &#8220;saf \u0130slam&#8221; m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Yoksa bu k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn olu\u015fmas\u0131nda &#8220;\u00f6rf&#8221; m\u00fc m\u00fcdahildir?<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Ve yine m\u00fcfessirin o ayeti tefsirinde ya da bir fakihin o ayetten h\u00fck\u00fcm \u00e7\u0131kartmas\u0131nda acaba \u00f6rf\u00fcn m\u00fcdahalesi s\u00f6z konusu mudur, yoksa e\u011fitim ya da d\u0131\u015f de\u011fi\u015fimler mi etkindir?<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Kanaatim odur ki <em>&#8220;\u00f6rt\u00fc\/hicap&#8221;<\/em> ile ilgili hususta m\u00fcfessir ve fakihler \u00fczerinde cahiliye d\u00f6nemi Arap k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn etkisi hayli fazlad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rt\u00fc ile ilgili oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenen Nur Suresi&#8217;ndeki ayet \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\"><em><strong>M\u00fcmin kad\u0131nlara da s\u00f6yle: Bak\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etsinler ve mahrem yerlerini korusunlar. A\u00e7\u0131kta olan\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda s\u00fcslerini a\u00e7mas\u0131nlar. Ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fclerini, yakalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerine sal\u0131versinler. S\u00fcslerini kocalar\u0131 ve\u2026 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kimseye a\u00e7mas\u0131nlar.\u00a0<\/strong>(Nur: 31)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\nS\u00f6z konusu bu ayetin <em>&#8220;ba\u015f \u00f6rtmesiyle&#8221;<\/em> ilgili de\u011fil de sadr\u0131 (g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs \u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fc) \u00f6rtmesiyle ilgili oldu\u011fu daha \u00e7ok dikkat \u00e7ekmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Fakihlerin bu ayetten<em> &#8220;ba\u015f\u0131 ve g\u00f6\u011fs\u00fc&#8221;<\/em> kapamaya dair istinbat ve i\u00e7tihatta bulunmalar\u0131 pek de anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r gibi de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<p>Ayet, <em><strong>&#8220;Ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fclerini yakalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerine sal\u0131versinler&#8221; <\/strong>(Nur: 31)<\/em> diyor. Bildi\u011fimiz gibi <em>&#8220;him\u00e2r&#8221;<\/em>, ba\u015f\u0131 kapat\u0131r. Kur&#8217;an bu ayette ba\u015f\u0131 kapatmay\u0131 emretmiyor. Daha a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7as\u0131 Kur&#8217;an&#8217;da bir tek ayet dahi apa\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde kad\u0131nlar\u0131n sa\u00e7 tellerini ve kafalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rtmeyi emretmemektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Zira ba\u015f\u0131 \u00f6rtmek, cahiliye \u00f6rf\u00fcnde mevcuttu. Yani \u00e7\u00f6l \u015fartlar\u0131, \u00e7\u00f6lde ya\u015fayan Arap erkek ve kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fczleriyle birlikte sar\u0131p \u00f6rtmeye icbar ediyordu. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00e7\u00f6lde kopan kum f\u0131rt\u0131nalar\u0131, toz toprak ve kavurucu g\u00fcne\u015fin \u00e7arpmas\u0131, ister istemez kad\u0131n erkek herkesin \u00e7ad\u0131r ve evlerinden d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131nda kafa ve y\u00fczlerini, bir tek g\u00f6zleri a\u00e7\u0131k kalacak \u015fekilde kapamalar\u0131n\u0131 gerekli k\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n<p>Bu da \u015fu demektir:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\"><em>Yani kafay\u0131 \u00f6rtme meselesi, zor tabii \u015fartlardan dolay\u0131 cahiliye d\u00f6neminde Araplar\u0131n ba\u015fvurduklar\u0131 mecburi y\u00f6ntemlerden biriydi. Allah taraf\u0131ndan vacip ve ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bir olgu de\u011fil, tabiat \u015fartlar\u0131ndan kaynaklanan bir icbarl\u0131kt\u0131.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\nFakat ayet ile gelen konu,<em> &#8220;him\u00e2r&#8221;\u0131n (ba\u015fa \u00f6rt\u00fclen \u00f6rt\u00fcn\u00fcn) &#8220;c\u00fcyub&#8221;<\/em>un<em> (ceplerin\/g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcslerin)<\/em> \u00fcst k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131na da sal\u0131nmas\u0131 ve oray\u0131 da \u00f6rtmesi \u015feklindeydi. Bizler bu ayetten <em>(Nur: 31)<\/em> ancak bu kadar\u0131yla yetinmeliyiz. Bundan ba\u015fka h\u00fck\u00fcmler \u00e7\u0131kartmam\u0131z gerekmez.<\/p>\n<p>Yani delilin medlulden (ayetin \u00f6rt\u00fcden) daha has olmas\u0131 icap etmez.<\/p>\n<p>Fakihler bu ayetten yola \u00e7\u0131karak ba\u015f\u0131n ve g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcslerin kapanmas\u0131n\u0131n vacip olu\u015fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesini elde etmi\u015flerdir. Oysaki ayet, a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a <em>&#8220;c\u00fcyub&#8221;<\/em>un <em>(g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcslerin \u00fcst k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n)<\/em> \u00f6rt\u00fclmesini emrediyor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc<em> &#8220;him\u00e2r\/ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc&#8221; <\/em>daha \u00f6nceden <em>\u00f6rfi (t\u00f6resel)<\/em> olarak mevcuttu.<\/p>\n<p>Bizler bu ayette \u00f6rfi olan ile \u015fer&#8217;i olan\u0131 birbirinden ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmakla m\u00fckellefiz. Fakat \u00fcz\u00fclerek belirtmeliyim ki verilen fetvalar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu bu iki hususu (\u00f6rfi olan ile din\u00ee olan\u0131) birbirlerinden ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131ramamaktad\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla diyebiliriz ki burada \u00f6rf, \u015feriat\u0131n i\u00e7erisine girmi\u015ftir. Halk da bu t\u00fcrden fetvalar\u0131n (\u00f6rfi olgulara dayal\u0131 fetvalar\u0131n) dinden ve Allah&#8217;tan oldu\u011funu tasavvur etmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n<p>Oysaki \u00f6rt\u00fc ile ilgili verilen fetvalar\u0131n y\u00fczde 80&#8217;i me\u015fruiyetini \u00f6rften almaktad\u0131r, Allah&#8217;tan de\u011fil. O h\u00e2lde \u015fayet \u00f6rf ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr de\u011fi\u015firse halk, bu t\u00fcrden fetvalar\u0131n Allah&#8217;tan oldu\u011funu tasavvur ettikleri i\u00e7in onlar\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fimine yana\u015fmamaktad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6nceden de i\u015faret etti\u011fimiz gibi rivayetler ayetin n\u00fczul sebebini \u015f\u00f6yle a\u00e7\u0131klar:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\"><em>Ensar gen\u00e7lerinden biri bir k\u0131z\u0131n pe\u015fince gidiyordu. Onun g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcslerinin \u00fcst k\u0131sm\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Bu b\u00f6lgesi o delikanl\u0131n\u0131n dikkatini \u00e7ekmi\u015fti ve onun fitneye d\u00fc\u015fmesine sebep olmu\u015ftu. S\u00f6z konusu bu ayet de nazil olup o k\u0131z\u0131n g\u00f6\u011fs\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fcst k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6rt\u00fcnmesini s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir, sa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kapamas\u0131n\u0131 ya da ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rtmesini de\u011fil.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\nDi\u011fer bir ifadeyle Kur&#8217;an, cinselli\u011fi (erotizmi) tahrik eden yerlerin \u00f6rt\u00fclmesini emretmi\u015ftir. Sa\u00e7 ise erotizmi tahrik eden \u015feylerden\/yerlerden de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<p>Erotizmin yerleri g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcsler, kal\u00e7alar, k\u0131r\u0131tarak y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015fler vs.dir. Yani \u0130slam&#8217;da g\u00f6sterilmesi haram olan \u015fey, kad\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ekicili\u011fi olan yerlerini g\u00f6stermesidir, ba\u015f\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya da sa\u00e7 tellerinin g\u00f6z\u00fckmesi de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<p>Fakihler ise <em>&#8220;teberr\u00fcc\/\u00e7ekicilik&#8221;<\/em>in ba\u015f ve sa\u00e7lar oldu\u011funu tasavvur etmi\u015flerdir ve onlar\u0131n \u00f6rt\u00fclmesinin vacip oldu\u011fu kanaatine varm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Oysaki \u0130slam&#8217;da yasaklanan \u015fey, kad\u0131n\u0131n teberr\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr. Yani gen\u00e7leri yoldan \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131 i\u00e7in v\u00fccudundaki insanlar\u0131 fitneye sevk edecek yerlerini te\u015fhir etmesidir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u0130slam&#8217;da haram olan \u015fey, ba\u015f\u0131 a\u00e7mak ve sa\u00e7\u0131 g\u00f6stermek de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<p>Fakat fakihler bunun tam tersine \u015feriatta \u00f6rt\u00fclmesi gereken yerin sa\u00e7 ve ba\u015f oldu\u011funu tasavvur etmi\u015flerdir. Oysaki Kur&#8217;an&#8217;da ba\u015f\u0131n \u00f6rt\u00fclece\u011fine dair herhangi bir ayet nazil olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hatta tam tersine bir\u00e7ok rivayette ba\u015f\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi s\u00f6z\u00fc teyit edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Nebi&#8217;ye kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n ve k\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6rt\u00fcnmesini emreden ayet bunun bir \u00f6rne\u011fidir. Ayet \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\"><em><strong>Ey Peygamber. E\u015flerine, k\u0131zlar\u0131na ve m\u00fcminlerin kad\u0131nlar\u0131na, \u00e7ar\u015faflar\u0131n\u0131 \u00fczerlerine almalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yle. Bu, onlar\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131 ve incitilmemesi i\u00e7in daha uygundur. Allah, s\u00fcrekli ba\u011f\u0131\u015flayand\u0131r ve merhamet edendir.<\/strong>\u00a0(Ahzab: 59)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\nBu ayette <em>&#8220;kafay\u0131 \u00f6rtme&#8221;<\/em> ge\u00e7miyor. Ayet \u015f\u00f6yle diyor: <strong><em>&#8220;Ey Nebi. E\u015flerine, k\u0131zlar\u0131na de ki&#8221;<\/em><\/strong> diyor. Yani e\u015fleri ile <em>&#8220;k\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131&#8221; <\/em>da zikrediyor.<\/p>\n<p>Normal m\u00fcminlere gelince, <em>&#8220;m\u00fcminlerin kad\u0131nlar\u0131na&#8221;<\/em> da de ki diyor. Fakat m\u00fcminlerin <em>&#8220;k\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131&#8221;<\/em> zikretmiyor. Buradan da <em>&#8220;\u00f6rt\u00fcnmenin m\u00fcminlerin k\u0131zlar\u0131na farz olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131&#8221;<\/em> anl\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n<p>Yani evlenmemi\u015f bir k\u0131z, hatta 20 ya\u015f\u0131na ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f olsa dahi yine de \u00f6rt\u00fcnmek ona farz de\u011fildir. \u015eayet m\u00fcminlerin k\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6rt\u00fcnmeleri onlara da farz olsayd\u0131 ayet bunu da zikretmi\u015f olurdu.<\/p>\n<p>Ayet, Nebi&#8217;nin e\u015flerine ve k\u0131zlar\u0131na \u00fczerlerine \u00e7ar\u015faf almalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemekle memur oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a beyan etmektedir. Fakat m\u00fcminlerin e\u015flerine de bunu s\u00f6ylemekle memur oldu\u011funu beyan etmesine ra\u011fmen k\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131 zikredilmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>\u015eayet ayette ge\u00e7en <em>&#8220;ve nisa\u00fc&#8217;l-m\u00fcminin\/m\u00fcminlerin han\u0131mlar\u0131&#8221; <\/em>s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn <em>&#8220;m\u00fcminlerin k\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131&#8221; <\/em>da kapsad\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddia edilir ise o takdirde ayn\u0131 kelimenin (nisa) peygamberin e\u015fleri i\u00e7in de zikredilmesiyle birlikte neden <em>&#8220;k\u0131zlar\u0131&#8221;<\/em> kelimesinin de ayr\u0131ca zikredildi\u011fi sorusu akla gelir. Bu da \u015funu g\u00f6steriyor:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\"><em>Mesele ba\u015f\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k olup sa\u00e7lar\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fckmesi meselesi de\u011fildir. Ayet, peygamberin e\u015fleri, k\u0131zlar\u0131 ve m\u00fcminlerin han\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6rt\u00fcnmelerine has bir meseledir. \u015eayet m\u00fcminlerin k\u0131zlar\u0131na da \u00f6rt\u00fcnme farz olsayd\u0131 ayet onu da a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a zikretmi\u015f olurdu.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\nAnla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar\u0131yla ayetteki i\u015fin s\u0131rr\u0131 \u015fudur:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\"><em>Evli kad\u0131nlar\u0131n evli olduklar\u0131na dair bir i\u015faret ta\u015f\u0131malar\u0131 gerekir. B\u00f6yle bir i\u015fareti ta\u015f\u0131makla birlikte kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki yabanc\u0131 erkekleri tahrik etmekten uzak durmu\u015f olurlar. Yani bak\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rlar.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\nBakire ve evli olmayan han\u0131mlar\u0131n sahip olduklar\u0131 g\u00fczelliklerini izhar etmeleri, tabiatlar\u0131 gere\u011fidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Allah&#8217;\u0131n onlara gen\u00e7lik ya da g\u00fczellik vermesindeki hikmet, erkekleri kendilerine cezbedip evlenmek ve yuva kurmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Fakat \u015fayet bir k\u0131z ya da evli olmayan bir han\u0131m tepeden t\u0131rna\u011fa \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc olup da evli olanlardan ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmazsa erkekler onlar\u0131n evli olmad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 anlayamayacaklar\u0131 gibi onlar\u0131n da evlenip yuva kurma hedefleri ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca \u0130slam dini hakk\u0131nda tasavvur edilen \u015fey, onun f\u0131trat ve tabiat dini olu\u015fudur. Yani bu din, insan\u0131n f\u0131trat\u0131 ve tabiili\u011fi \u00fczerinden hareket edip giden bir dindir.<\/p>\n<p>Evli olan kad\u0131n ise evlenmek ile bu daireden (f\u0131trat ve tabiat dairesi) \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f olur. Bundan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc de onun bu daireden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131yla birlikte \u00f6rt\u00fcnmesi ve e\u015fine has olmas\u0131 gerekiyor.<\/p>\n<p>Fakat k\u0131zlar b\u00f6yle de\u011fillerdir. Bundan olsa gerek ayet, m\u00fcminlerin han\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda k\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131 zikretmemi\u015ftir; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc k\u0131z cazibiyetini (\u00e7ekicili\u011fini), s\u00fcsl\u00fc yerlerini ve Allah&#8217;\u0131n ona l\u00fctfetmi\u015f oldu\u011fu g\u00fczelliklerini e\u015f bulmak amac\u0131yla izhar etmelidir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rne\u011fin y\u00fcz g\u00fczelli\u011fini, sa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ve kendindeki di\u011fer g\u00fczelliklerini ortaya koymal\u0131d\u0131r ki kendine e\u015f bulmu\u015f olsun.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00fcsl\u00fcman topluluklar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki di\u011fer topluluklarda da bu b\u00f6yledir. \u00d6rne\u011fin Hint toplumunda da evli olan kad\u0131n kafas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rter. Bundaki ama\u00e7, erkeklerin ona sayg\u0131n davranmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Sayg\u0131n\u0131n fazlal\u0131\u011f\u0131, o \u015feyin Allah&#8217;tan oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelmez. \u015eayet \u00f6rt\u00fc Allah&#8217;tan olan bir durum olsayd\u0131 o takdirde yaln\u0131zca h\u00fcr olan kad\u0131nlara de\u011fil, cariye ve \u00f6zg\u00fcr olmayanlara da farz olurdu. Allah \u015f\u00f6yle buyuruyor:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\"><em><strong>A\u00e7\u0131kta olan\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda s\u00fcslerini a\u00e7mas\u0131nlar.\u00a0<\/strong>(Nur: 31)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\nKad\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131kta olanlar\u0131, <em>&#8220;y\u00fcz\u00fc, elleri ve topuklar\u0131na kadar olan ayaklar\u0131d\u0131r.&#8221;<\/em> Yani kad\u0131nlar\u0131n y\u00fczleri de kafalar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fkil ediyor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc kad\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fczelli\u011fi y\u00fcz\u00fc, g\u00f6zleri ve sa\u00e7lar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Daha do\u011frusu g\u00fczellik, <em>&#8220;cinsel tahrik&#8221; <\/em>de\u011fildir. Sa\u00e7ta <em>&#8220;cinsel tahrik&#8221;<\/em> diye bir \u015fey de s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir. Fakat g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcsler ve onlar\u0131n \u00fcst k\u0131sm\u0131 tahrik unsurlar\u0131d\u0131r. Yani buralar tahrik b\u00f6lgeleridir. Ve yine buralar, ger\u00e7ekte g\u00fczellik b\u00f6lgelerinden farkl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Asl\u0131nda g\u00fczellik arzu edilen bir \u015feydir. Hi\u00e7 kimse Allah&#8217;\u0131n g\u00fczelli\u011fi nehyetti\u011fini s\u00f6yleyemez. Bizzat tabiatta ve kad\u0131ndaki g\u00fczellikleri Allah&#8217;\u0131n kendisi var etmi\u015ftir. Bundan dolay\u0131d\u0131r ki g\u00fczelli\u011fi \u00f6rtmek, sevilen ve arzu edilen bir \u015fey de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<p>Yine Kur&#8217;an,<strong> <\/strong><em><strong>&#8220;Humarlar\u0131n\u0131\/\u00f6rt\u00fclerini yakalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerine sal\u0131versinler&#8221; <\/strong>(Nur: 31) <\/em>diyor. <em>&#8220;Kafalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcne&#8221;<\/em> demiyor. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ayetten \u015funu anl\u0131yoruz:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\"><em>Allah kad\u0131nlardan, erkekleri tahrik edecek yerlerini kapatmalar\u0131n\u0131 emrediyor. Kafa ve sa\u00e7 tahrik edici de\u011fildir; \u015fayet kafa ve sa\u00e7 tahrik edici olsayd\u0131 Kur&#8217;an &#8216;Kafalar\u0131n\u0131n ve yakalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerine&#8217; derdi.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\nDemek ki \u00f6rt\u00fcde as\u0131l mesele <em>&#8220;\u00f6rf&#8221;<\/em>t\u00fcr. H\u00fck\u00fcmlerin bir\u00e7o\u011fu da \u00f6rfe dayan\u0131r. Cahiliye d\u00f6nemi Arap \u00f6rf\u00fcnde kad\u0131n erkek her ikisi de kafalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rterlerdi.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00f6nceden de i\u015faret etti\u011fimiz gibi \u00e7\u00f6l hayat\u0131nda ve Araplar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde g\u00fcne\u015f \u00e7arpmas\u0131, kum f\u0131rt\u0131nas\u0131, toz topra\u011f\u0131n bolca bulunmas\u0131 vs. mevcuttu.<\/p>\n<p>Hatta zaman\u0131m\u0131zda dahi \u00e7\u00f6l hayat\u0131 ya\u015fayan Araplar, Afrika&#8217;dakiler ve yine \u0130ran&#8217;\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6l kesimlerindeki kad\u0131n erkek herkes kafalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rterler.<\/p>\n<p>K\u0131sacas\u0131 onlardaki \u00f6rf\u00fcn bu durumu \u015feriata ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle \u00f6rflerinde bulunan bir\u00e7ok \u015fey \u015feriata d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Fakihler ise bunlar\u0131 ilahi h\u00fck\u00fcmler olarak zannetmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n<p>Oysaki \u00f6rfi olana de\u011fil, \u015fer&#8217;i olana tabi olmak vaciptir. Fakat neyin \u00f6rfi ve neyin de \u015fer&#8217;i oldu\u011funun ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla dedik ki ba\u015f\u0131n \u00f6rt\u00fclmesinin kayna\u011f\u0131 \u00f6rfe dayanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Kur&#8217;an&#8217;da, gelenekselci \u015eii ve S\u00fcnni \u00e2limler taraf\u0131ndan Ahzab 59 ile Nur Suresi&#8217;nin 31&#8217;inci ayetleri s\u0131k\u00e7a \u00f6rt\u00fc ile ilgili referans g\u00f6sterilmesine ra\u011fmen ger\u00e7ek \u015fu ki bunlar\u0131n hi\u00e7birisi ne ba\u015f\u0131n \u00f6rt\u00fclmesinin ne de sa\u00e7\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fckmemesinin ilahi emir oldu\u011funa dair apa\u00e7\u0131k bir delildir.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130kincisi: Bak\u0131yoruz ki Kur&#8217;an&#8217;da \u00f6rt\u00fc ile ilgili olduklar\u0131 kabul edilen ayetler, \u00f6rt\u00fcn\u00fcn gerek\u00e7esini de zikrediyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin bu ayet, \u00f6rt\u00fcy\u00fc \u015fu gerek\u00e7eye dayat\u0131yor:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\"><em><strong>Bu (\u00f6rt\u00fc), onlar\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131 ve incitilmemesi i\u00e7in daha uygundur.\u00a0<\/strong>(Ahzab: 59)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\nYani s\u00f6z konusu ayet, evli kad\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6rt\u00fcnmesinin onun evli oldu\u011funa dair bir kimlik oldu\u011funu ve yine \u00f6rt\u00fcn\u00fcn onun <em>&#8220;di\u015fili\u011fini&#8221;<\/em> de\u011fil,<em> &#8220;ki\u015fili\u011fini&#8221; <\/em>koruyan bir unsurdan ibaret bulundu\u011funu ifade ediyor. Demek ki s\u00f6z konusu ayet, \u00f6rt\u00fcn\u00fcn nedenini de a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rt\u00fcnmenin nedeninin<em> &#8220;kad\u0131n\u0131n h\u00fcr ve evli oldu\u011funun bilinmesi ve eziyete maruz kalmamas\u0131&#8221; <\/em>oldu\u011fu beyan edilmi\u015ftir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc o d\u00f6nemde h\u00fcr kad\u0131nlar ile cariye olanlar birbirleriyle kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k bir durumda ya\u015f\u0131yorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Cariyeler genelde riskli ortamlarda bulunuyorlard\u0131. Genelde onlara dala\u015f\u0131l\u0131yordu. H\u00fcr kad\u0131nlar ise falan kabileden filan \u015fahs\u0131n e\u015fi, k\u0131z\u0131 ya da karde\u015fi vs. olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in onlar\u0131n dokunulmazl\u0131klar\u0131 olurdu.<\/p>\n<p>Bundan dolay\u0131 da gen\u00e7ler h\u00fcr kad\u0131nlara dokunup dala\u015fmaktan sak\u0131n\u0131rlard\u0131. Ayet de tam olarak bu konuya de\u011finiyor:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\"><em>Bu (\u00f6rt\u00fc), onlar\u0131n tan\u0131nmas\u0131 (h\u00fcr kad\u0131n olduklar\u0131n\u0131n bilinmesi) ve (bundan dolay\u0131 da) incitilmemesi i\u00e7in daha uygundur.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\nYani kad\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6rt\u00fcnmesi, onun h\u00fcr ve sayg\u0131n oldu\u011funun bilinmesi ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla da eziyete maruz kalmaktan korunmas\u0131n\u0131n nedeni olarak anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Di\u011fer bir ifadeyle h\u00fcr kad\u0131nlara yap\u0131lan eziyetleri nefyetmek, \u00f6rt\u00fcnmenin illeti olmu\u015f ve hicab\u0131n farz olmas\u0131n\u0131n gerek\u00e7esi kabul edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>O g\u00fcnk\u00fc k\u00fclt\u00fcre g\u00f6re \u015fayet kad\u0131n \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc olur ise onun h\u00fcr oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r ve sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterilirdi. \u015eayet a\u00e7\u0131k olsayd\u0131 onun cariye oldu\u011fu ya da bakire ve e\u015fsiz oldu\u011fu bilinir ve h\u00fcr\/evli kad\u0131nlar kadar dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmazd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Buradan hareketle \u00f6rt\u00fcn\u00fcn h\u00fcr kad\u0131nlara has oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. Daha do\u011frusu o d\u00f6nemin k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne g\u00f6re \u00f6rt\u00fcnme,<em> &#8220;\u00fcst\u00fcn nitelikli han\u0131mlara has bir k\u0131yafetti; onlar\u0131n o nitelikleri de h\u00fcr ve evli olmaktan geliyordu.&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n<p>O d\u00f6nemlerde \u00f6rt\u00fcnme, h\u00fcr kad\u0131nlara dala\u015fman\u0131n kabileler aras\u0131nda sorunlara sebebiyet vermesinden dolay\u0131 evli olan kad\u0131n ile olmayan kad\u0131n\u0131n aras\u0131nda bir ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 g\u00f6revi de \u00fcstlenmi\u015f olurdu.<\/p>\n<p>Birtak\u0131m rivayetlere bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda da bunun b\u00f6yle oldu\u011funu m\u00fc\u015fahede etmekteyiz. O rivayetlerden baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Vesail\u00fc&#8217;\u015f-\u015eia kitab\u0131n\u0131n 3. cildi, namaz k\u0131lan\u0131n elbisesi b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/p>\n<p>1- \u0130mam Muhammed Bak\u0131r (as)&#8217;dan soruldu: <strong><em>&#8220;Namaz k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda cariye ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rtmeli midir?&#8221;<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Dedi ki<em><strong> &#8220;Cariye i\u00e7in ba\u015f\u0131 \u00f6rtmek yoktur.&#8221;<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Ba\u015fka bir rivayette de <strong><em>&#8220;Cariye&#8217;ye namazda ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rtmesi yoktur&#8221; <\/em><\/strong>gibi ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>2- \u0130mam Cafer Sad\u0131k (as) \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015ftir: <strong><em>&#8220;Cariye i\u00e7in ba\u015f\u0131 \u00f6rtmek yoktur.&#8221;<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Hatta hadisin devam\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle ge\u00e7er:<strong><em> &#8220;\u015eayet cariye ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 kapam\u0131\u015f olsayd\u0131 imam onu d\u00f6verdi.&#8221;<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bu hususla ilgili de iki rivayet nakledilmi\u015ftir ve \u015f\u00f6yle denilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\"><em><strong>Namazda ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ba\u011flayan cariyeden (hizmet\u00e7iden) soruldu. Dedi ki &#8216;Ona o takdirde vurun ki h\u00fcr kad\u0131n ile cariye olan birbirinden ayr\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f olsunlar.&#8217;<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\nDemek oluyor ki \u00f6rt\u00fcn\u00fcn farz olmas\u0131n\u0131n nedeni, h\u00fcr kad\u0131n\u0131n cariye kad\u0131ndan ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7indir. Fakihlerin \u015fu d\u00f6nemde dedikleri gibi <em>&#8220;toplumu fitneden korumak i\u00e7in&#8221;<\/em> de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<p>\u015eayet \u00f6rt\u00fcnmeden maksat toplumun iffetini korumak ve ifsad\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in olsayd\u0131 o takdirde hem h\u00fcr kad\u0131n\u0131n hem de cariyenin \u00f6rt\u00fcnmesi gerekirdi. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bunlar\u0131n her ikisi de M\u00fcsl\u00fcman kad\u0131nd\u0131r; cariyeler gayrim\u00fcslim ve h\u00fcr kad\u0131nlar da M\u00fcsl\u00fcman de\u011fillerdi.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130\u015fte yukar\u0131da nakletti\u011fimiz rivayetlerde Ehl-i Beyt imamlar\u0131, hicab\u0131n farz olmas\u0131n\u0131n sebebinin h\u00fcr kad\u0131nlar ile cariyelerin birbirlerinden ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n<p>Elbette bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f, t\u00fcm \u015eii fakihlerin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc de\u011fildir. \u00d6zellikle de o d\u00f6nemdeki kimi fakihlerin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinin temeli bu rivayete dayanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ise art\u0131k h\u00fcr ve cariye diye bir ayr\u0131m kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u00f6rt\u00fc\/hicap konusu ya evli kad\u0131n ve bakire k\u0131zlar\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc de kapsam\u0131na alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r diyece\u011fiz ya da bunlar\u0131n her ikisi i\u00e7in de sona ermi\u015ftir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne sahip olaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc kimi modernistlere g\u00f6re konuya buradan bak\u0131l\u0131nca art\u0131k illet bitmi\u015ftir, illetin (\u00f6rt\u00fcnme nedeninin) bitmesiyle malul (\u00f6rt\u00fcnme) de bitmi\u015f ve sona ermi\u015ftir. Bilindi\u011fi gibi h\u00fck\u00fcm, illetin etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6n\u00fcp dola\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130mam Cafer Sad\u0131k, <strong><em>&#8220;Onu (cariyeyi) vurunuz ki h\u00fcr kad\u0131n ile cariye birbirinden ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olsun&#8221; <\/em><\/strong>diyor.<\/p>\n<p>Di\u011fer bir rivayette de \u015f\u00f6yle ge\u00e7er:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\"><em>\u0130mam Cafer&#8217;den soruldu; namazda cariye ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rtebilir mi? \u0130mam, &#8216;Hay\u0131r, \u00f6rtemez. Babam (\u0130mam Muhammed Bak\u0131r) cariyenin ba\u015f\u0131 \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc \u015fekilde namaz k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, h\u00fcr kad\u0131n\u0131n cariyeden ayr\u0131 oldu\u011funun bilinmesi i\u00e7in onu vururdu&#8217; dedi.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u0130\u015fte bu rivayette de \u00f6rt\u00fcn\u00fcn illeti beyan edilmi\u015ftir. Nitekim \u00f6nceden de s\u00f6yledi\u011fimiz gibi Kur&#8217;an&#8217;da da \u00f6rt\u00fcnmenin illeti beyan edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p><em>&#8220;Bu (\u00f6rt\u00fcnme), onlar\u0131n (h\u00fcr kad\u0131nlar\u0131n) tan\u0131nmas\u0131 ve incitilmemesi i\u00e7in daha uygundur&#8221; <\/em>denilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc: \u00d6rt\u00fcnmeden gaye \u015fayet kad\u0131nlar\u0131n iffetinin korunmas\u0131 olsayd\u0131 biz \u015funu \u00e7ok iyi biliyorduk ki Arap olmayan Rum, Fars ve di\u011fer uyruklara mensup cariyeler, Arap olan kad\u0131nlardan daha g\u00fczellerdi.<\/p>\n<p><em>O takdirde \u015feriat neden Rum, Fars ve di\u011fer uyruklardan olan kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\/cariyelerin \u00f6rt\u00fcnmemesini m\u00fcbah g\u00f6r\u00fcyor? <\/em><\/p>\n<p>Zira onlar\u0131n g\u00fczellikleri toplum i\u00e7erisinde daha fazla fitneye sebebiyet verirdi.<\/p>\n<p>Emev\u00ee ve Abbasiler d\u00f6neminde de cariyeler, Arap h\u00fcr kad\u0131nlar\u0131ndan kat kat daha fazlayd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Sokak ve \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131larda en fazla \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p dola\u015fanlar onlard\u0131. H\u00fcr Arap kad\u0131nlar\u0131 evlerinde oturuyor ve d\u0131\u015far\u0131daki i\u015flerini hallettirmek i\u00e7in cariyelerini g\u00f6nderiyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Hatta \u015funu da rahat\u00e7a s\u00f6yleyebiliriz ki o g\u00fcnk\u00fc \u0130slam toplumu i\u00e7erisinde kad\u0131nlar\u0131n 5\/3&#8217;\u00fc sokaklardayd\u0131 ve bunlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu da cariyeydi.<\/p>\n<p>Demek oluyor ki \u00f6rt\u00fcn\u00fcn\/hicab\u0131n farz k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131ndan kas\u0131t, h\u00fcr kad\u0131nlar ile cariye kad\u0131nlar\u0131n birbirlerinden ay\u0131rt edilmeleriydi.<\/p>\n<p>\u015eayet fakihlerin dedikleri gibi olsayd\u0131, yani \u00f6rt\u00fcnmeden kas\u0131t toplumun iffetini ve gen\u00e7li\u011fin batakl\u0131\u011fa d\u00fc\u015fmesini \u00f6nlemek gayesini ta\u015f\u0131sayd\u0131 cariyeler h\u00fcr kad\u0131nlardan daha fazlayd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Buradan bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda \u00f6rt\u00fcn\u00fcn kad\u0131na farz olu\u015fu, din\u00ee bir farz de\u011fildir; dinde bunun bir esas\u0131 yoktur. Bunun esas\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcrdedir.<\/p>\n<p>Daha \u00f6nceden dedik ki \u00f6rf de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fi takdirde onun h\u00fckm\u00fc de de\u011fi\u015fir. Dinde\/\u015feriatta ge\u00e7en \u015fey, kad\u0131n\u0131n cinsiyetinin tahrik edicilikten korunmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Ak\u0131l sahibi olan herkes de bunu tasdik eder. Yani kad\u0131n \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc olur ise daha \u00e7ok sayg\u0131n olur. Di\u011fer kad\u0131nlara (fitneye vesile olanlara) nispeten daha \u00e7ok h\u00fcrmet g\u00f6sterilir.<\/p>\n<p>Elbette kad\u0131n\u0131n<em> &#8220;di\u015fili\u011fi&#8221; <\/em>ile <em>&#8220;ki\u015fili\u011fi&#8221;<\/em> birbirinden farkl\u0131 \u015feylerdir ve onun ki\u015fili\u011fi cismiyle de\u011fildir. Fakat a\u00e7\u0131k gezmek ve fiziksel boyutunu te\u015fhir etmek, onun de\u011ferini azalt\u0131r ve ki\u015fili\u011fini s\u0131n\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n<p>Di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle onu o cismiyle mahk\u00fbm eder. Di\u011ferlerinin bu cisme yanl\u0131\u015f muamelede bulunmas\u0131n\u0131 temin eder. Bu durum hem aklen hem de \u015fer&#8217;an m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p>Fakat kafay\u0131 ve di\u011fer yerleri \u00f6rtmek \u00f6rfi bir meseledir. \u00d6rfi olmas\u0131 hasebiyle de anl\u0131yoruz ki hicap nisbidir.<\/p>\n<p>Bizler \u00f6rf\u00fcn sayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zetmeliyiz. Vaciplerin t\u00fcm\u00fc \u015feriattan kaynaklanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6rf\u00fcn vacibat\u0131n\u0131n cezas\u0131 ilahi ceza de\u011fildir. \u00d6rf\u00fcn ferdi ve toplumsal vacibatlar\u0131, din\u00ee vacibatlardan daha fazlad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Necef, Kerbela, Mekke ve Medine gibi koyu gelenek\u00e7i din\u00ee topluluklarda kad\u0131nlar\u0131n <em>&#8220;aba\/\u00e7ar\u015faf&#8221;<\/em> diye tabir ettikleri bir \u00fcst elbisesi vard\u0131r. Bu \u00fcstl\u00fck o topluluklarda farz gibi g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<p>\u015eayet bir han\u0131m \u0130slami \u00f6rt\u00fcnmeyle dahi d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131ksa fakat \u00fczerinde s\u00f6z konusu o <em>&#8220;aba&#8221;<\/em>y\u0131 bulundurmazsa onun hakk\u0131nda o topluluk i\u00e7erisinde ku\u015fkular olu\u015fmaya ba\u015flar ve o kad\u0131na menfi bir g\u00f6zle bak\u0131l\u0131r. Onun hafif bir insan oldu\u011fu ve erkeklerle ili\u015fkisi bulundu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p>Kad\u0131n i\u00e7in en iyi olan\u0131, \u015fer&#8217;i vacipten daha ziyade \u00f6rfi vacip olarak kabul edilen o abay\u0131 giymesidir. Bu vacip t\u00fcr\u00fc elbette ki her b\u00f6lgede s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir. \u0130smini verdi\u011fim o b\u00f6lgelere hast\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Evet, kad\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmese de a\u015famal\u0131 bir \u015fekilde k\u00fclt\u00fcr de\u011fi\u015fir. Halk\u0131n akl\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fmesiyle, di\u011fer k\u00fclt\u00fcrleri tan\u0131mas\u0131yla, farkl\u0131 topluluklarla irtibat kurmas\u0131yla, k\u0131z al\u0131p vermesiyle vs. bir toplumun k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc de\u011fi\u015febilir.<em> Fakat bir kad\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmesi b\u00f6yle de\u011fildir.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>K\u00fclt\u00fcrlerin de\u011fi\u015fmesi kadar <em>&#8220;mefhumlar\u0131n&#8221; <\/em>de\u011fi\u015fmesi de \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. \u015eimdiki d\u00f6nemde <em>&#8220;mefhumlar\/anlamlar&#8221;<\/em> de\u011fi\u015fime u\u011fram\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130slam&#8217;\u0131n ilk d\u00f6nemindeki mefhumlar\/anlamlar, aynen cahiliye d\u00f6nemi gibi eril toplum mefhumlar\u0131 \u00fczerine kurulmu\u015ftur. \u015eimdiki d\u00f6nemimizde ise o mefhumlar de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu de\u011fi\u015fim, bir tek \u00f6rt\u00fc meselesiyle ilgili olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; di\u011fer toplumsal atmosferlerle ilgili bir\u00e7ok mefhumda da de\u011fi\u015fimler olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rt\u00fc\/hicap meselesini g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar ayakta tutan nedenleri inceledi\u011fimizde onu gerekli g\u00f6rmeyen nedenleri de incelememiz gerekir.<\/p>\n<p><em>Acaba \u00f6rt\u00fc h\u00fckm\u00fc de\u011fi\u015fmeli mi, de\u011fi\u015fmemeli mi? <\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u015eayet de\u011fi\u015fmelidir diyor isek o takdirde de\u011fi\u015fimin s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 nereye kadar olmal\u0131?<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Derinlemesine inceledi\u011fimizde kad\u0131n\u0131n hicap h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn ve kad\u0131nlarla ilgili herhangi birtak\u0131m h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin (\u00f6rne\u011fin kad\u0131n diyetinin erke\u011finkinin yar\u0131s\u0131 olmas\u0131, ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 miras\u0131n yine erke\u011fin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131 olu\u015fu, 2 erke\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 4 kad\u0131n\u0131n \u015fahitli\u011finin kabul\u00fc vs.) o d\u00f6nemdeki toplumun k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc olduklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.<\/p>\n<p>\u015eayet k\u00fclt\u00fcr de\u011fi\u015fir ise yaln\u0131zca hicap konusu de\u011fil, t\u00fcm h\u00fck\u00fcmler de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015f olur.<\/p>\n<p>Biz, eski \u00e7a\u011flarda cahiliye toplumunun ataerkil toplum oldu\u011funu biliyoruz. O d\u00f6nemde kad\u0131n erke\u011fe tabiydi. T\u00fcm din\u00ee mefhumlar da bu anlay\u0131\u015f \u00fczerine tesis edilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n<p>Kur&#8217;an&#8217;\u0131n hitaplar\u0131na bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle erkeklere y\u00f6neliktir. Hatta Kur&#8217;an <em>&#8220;Eyy\u00fchennas\/Ey insanlar&#8221;<\/em> dedi\u011finde dahi genel halk\u0131 kastetmiyor, yaln\u0131zca erkekleri kastediyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin bir ayette \u015f\u00f6yle hitap ediyor:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\"><em><strong>Kad\u0131nlar, o\u011fullar, y\u0131\u011f\u0131n y\u0131\u011f\u0131n biriktirilmi\u015f alt\u0131n ve g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fler\u2026 insanlara \u00e7ekici k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong>\u00a0(\u00c2l-i \u0130mran: 14)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\nG\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere ayette ge\u00e7en <em>&#8220;nas&#8221;<\/em> s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc insanlar i\u00e7in de\u011fil, erkekler i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve <em>&#8220;nisa\/kad\u0131nlar&#8221; <\/em>da yine erkekler i\u00e7in aynen bir alt\u0131n ve g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f metalar\u0131yla birlikte s\u00fcs olarak beyan edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Yine Kur&#8217;an&#8217;da <em>&#8220;Huru&#8217;l-ayn&#8221; <\/em>hakk\u0131nda onlarca ayet nazil olmu\u015ftur. Tefsirler hurilerin <em>&#8220;g\u00fczel kad\u0131nlar&#8221; <\/em>olduklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015flerdir. Bunlar da yaln\u0131zca erkekler i\u00e7indirler.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00fcmine kad\u0131nlar i\u00e7in ise cennette neler verilece\u011finden, onlar i\u00e7in de hurilerin olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bahsedilmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Kur&#8217;an,<em> &#8220;cihat&#8221;<\/em> durumunu erkeklere emrediyor, kad\u0131nlara cihattan s\u00f6z etmiyor. Huri ise cihat kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda verilen ikramlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><em>&#8220;K\u0131vam\/y\u00f6neticilik&#8221;<\/em> ise Kur&#8217;an&#8217;\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k beyanat\u0131na g\u00f6re erkeklere hast\u0131r.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\"><em><strong>Allah&#8217;\u0131n kimini kiminden \u00fcst\u00fcn k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ve erkeklerin kendi mallar\u0131ndan harcamada bulunduklar\u0131ndan, erkekler kad\u0131nlara y\u00f6netici ve koruyucudurlar.\u00a0<\/strong>(Nisa: 34)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\nAyet, erke\u011fin kad\u0131na y\u00f6netici oldu\u011fu hususundaki illeti de apa\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde beyan etmi\u015ftir ve o makamda olmas\u0131n\u0131n nedenini kendi mal\u0131ndan han\u0131m\u0131na harcamas\u0131 olarak izah etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Fakat art\u0131k zarflar de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015ftir. Bu d\u00f6nemdeki kad\u0131nlar bu h\u00fck\u00fcmden dolay\u0131 kendilerine zul\u00fcm yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hissetmekteler.<\/p>\n<p>Oysaki bundan 100 y\u0131l ve \u00f6ncesinde bu t\u00fcrden h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin kendilerine zul\u00fcm oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemiyorlard\u0131. Yani o d\u00f6nemlerdeki adalet, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n erkeklerin ald\u0131klar\u0131 miras hakk\u0131n\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almalar\u0131n\u0131 gerektiriyordu ya da kad\u0131n\u0131n diyetinin erke\u011fin diyetinin yar\u0131s\u0131 kadar olmas\u0131n\u0131 icap ettiriyordu.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc toplumsal k\u00fclt\u00fcr erkeklerin \u00fczerine kuruluydu. Fakat \u015fimdiki k\u00fclt\u00fcr de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015ftir. Kad\u0131nlar bu h\u00fck\u00fcmlerden kendilerine zul\u00fcm yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hissetmekteler ve bu h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesini istemekteler. Bence bu isteklerinde de haks\u0131z de\u011fillerdir.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130\u00e7erisinde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bu d\u00f6nemde k\u00fclt\u00fcr de\u011fi\u015fince kad\u0131nlar i\u00e7in kimi h\u00fck\u00fcmler zul\u00fcm say\u0131lmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Fakat kadim d\u00f6nemlerde bir kad\u0131na erke\u011fe d\u00fc\u015fen miras\u0131n ya da diyetin yar\u0131s\u0131 verildi\u011finde adalete uyuyor ve kad\u0131nlarca da insafl\u0131 bir h\u00fck\u00fcm olarak kabul ediliyordu.<\/p>\n<p>Fakat i\u00e7erisinde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u015fu d\u00f6nemlerde kad\u0131nlar her \u015feyde ve insanl\u0131kta erkeklerle m\u00fc\u015fterektirler.<\/p>\n<p>Kad\u0131n-erkek e\u015fitli\u011fi konusu halk i\u00e7erisinde a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r durumlardan birisi olmu\u015ftur ve bu e\u015fitlik art\u0131k yasaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p>Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla mefhumlar de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fine g\u00f6re art\u0131k o eski mefhum ve naslar \u00fczerine tesis edilen ve adil olarak kabul g\u00f6ren h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin de de\u011fi\u015fmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n<p>Yani kadim d\u00f6nemdeki anlay\u0131\u015fa g\u00f6re adalet olarak kabul edilen h\u00fck\u00fcmler, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde zul\u00fcm olarak kabul edilebilir ve zulme d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febilir. B\u00f6ylece bu h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin de de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi vacip olur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bunu Kur&#8217;an s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\"><em><strong>Ku\u015fkusuz, Allah adaleti, iyili\u011fi\u2026 emreder.<\/strong>\u00a0(Nahl: 90)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\nBu, genel bir kaidedir. Ahk\u00e2m\u0131n c\u00fcziyat\u0131 ise o d\u00f6nemde adalet say\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n<p>Fakat mefhumlar de\u011fi\u015ftikten sonra bu h\u00fck\u00fcmler zulme d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n<p>Adaletin anlam\u0131 k\u0131yamete kadar asla de\u011fi\u015fmez, g\u00fczeldir ve g\u00fczelliklerden ibarettir; fakat mistaklar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fime u\u011fram\u0131\u015f olabilir.<\/p>\n<p>Biz adaletin g\u00fczelli\u011finin nisbi oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemiyoruz; adaletin mutlak anlamda g\u00fczel, zulm\u00fcn ise k\u00f6t\u00fc oldu\u011funu kabul ediyoruz. Fakat adaletin mistak\u0131 bir toplumda g\u00fczel, ba\u015fka bir toplumda da \u00e7irkin ve zul\u00fcm olabilir.<\/p>\n<p>Kadim anlay\u0131\u015fta \u00c2dem&#8217;i as\u0131l bilip Havva&#8217;y\u0131 ona tabi k\u0131lmak inanc\u0131 mevcuttu. Kimisi Havva&#8217;n\u0131n \u00c2dem&#8217;in sol kaburgas\u0131ndan yarat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcyorlard\u0131, kimi kesim de \u00c2dem&#8217;den arta kalan topra\u011f\u0131ndan yarat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia ediyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bu inan\u00e7lardan hangisi do\u011fru olursa olsun, neticede her ikisinin de erke\u011fin as\u0131l, kad\u0131n\u0131n ise ona tabi oldu\u011funu vurgulamak istemesiydi.<\/p>\n<p>Kadim insanlar\u0131n inan\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re erkek (\u00c2dem) yarat\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra kendini yaln\u0131z hissetti, can\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131 ve s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 giderecek bir arkada\u015fa ihtiya\u00e7 duydu. Allah da kad\u0131n\u0131 (Havva) ona yard\u0131mc\u0131 olsun ve s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 gidersin diye yaratt\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130\u015fte bu, kadim eril bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn inanc\u0131d\u0131r. \u015eayet bu k\u00fclt\u00fcr de\u011fi\u015fir ise bununla ilgili h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin bir\u00e7o\u011fu da de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015f olur.<\/p>\n<p>Ama kadim k\u00fclt\u00fcrde ve h\u00e2l\u00e2 dahi bu k\u00fclt\u00fcre tabi olanlar\u0131n nezdinde kad\u0131n erke\u011fe tabidir ve y\u00f6neticilik erke\u011fin elindedir.<\/p>\n<p>Oysaki kad\u0131n\u0131n evinde olmas\u0131yla birlikte ve yaln\u0131zca ev i\u015fleriyle u\u011fra\u015fm\u0131\u015f bulunsa dahi onun ev i\u015flerini ve \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netti\u011fini hepimiz m\u00fc\u015fahede etmekteyiz.<\/p>\n<p>\u015eayet Kur&#8217;an&#8217;da ge\u00e7en<em> &#8220;k\u0131vam&#8221;<\/em>dan kas\u0131t <em>&#8220;ba\u015fkanl\u0131k&#8221; <\/em>ise s\u00f6zl\u00fckte<em> &#8220;k\u0131vam&#8221;<\/em>, bir \u015feyin ba\u015fka bir \u015fey taraf\u0131ndan \u0131slah edilmesi anlam\u0131na gelmektedir. Bu anlamdan hareketle neden bu kelimeden yaln\u0131zca <em>&#8220;erke\u011fin kad\u0131n\u0131 \u0131slah etmesi&#8221;<\/em> anlam\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karal\u0131m ki? Oysaki kad\u0131n da erke\u011fini \u0131slah edebilir ve hatalar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczeltebilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130\u00e7erisinde bulundu\u011fumuz \u015fu d\u00f6nemlerde kad\u0131nlar\u0131n erke\u011fine ve hatta \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n babalar\u0131na \u015fahsiyet kazand\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u015fahit olmaktay\u0131z. \u00c7ocuklar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve babalar\u0131n\u0131n onlarla i\u015f yapmalar\u0131, babalar\u0131n\u0131 kemale ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Art\u0131k bu d\u00f6nemlerde yaln\u0131zca erkek kad\u0131n\u0131 \u0131slah etmiyor (hatalar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczeltmiyor), kad\u0131n da s\u00fcrekli bir \u015fekilde erke\u011fine tabi olup onun buyru\u011fu alt\u0131nda ya\u015fam\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar \u0130slam \u00e2limleri, \u0130slam dininin<em> &#8220;sabit&#8221; <\/em>ve<em> &#8220;de\u011fi\u015fken&#8221; <\/em>h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin bulundu\u011fundan s\u00f6z etmi\u015flerdir, fakat bununla ilgili h\u00e2l\u00e2 dahi tek bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc bulamam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bizler yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada sabit kalan ile de\u011fi\u015fken olanlar\u0131n<em> &#8220;mefhumlar&#8221;<\/em> olduklar\u0131n\u0131 tespit ettik.<\/p>\n<p>Fakihler, konular\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmesiyle h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin de de\u011fi\u015fece\u011fini s\u00f6ylerler. Fakat mefhumlar\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmesiyle h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin ne olaca\u011f\u0131 hususunda sessiz kal\u0131yorlar. Oysaki mefhumlar\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmesiyle h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin de bir\u00e7o\u011fu de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015f bulunur.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rne\u011fin \u0130slam&#8217;\u0131n ilk d\u00f6nemlerinde kad\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle erke\u011fe tabiydi, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc kad\u0131n\u0131 koruyan erkekti. Erkekte var olan bedensel g\u00fc\u00e7, onun i\u00e7in bir ayr\u0131cal\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Erkek kad\u0131n\u0131n bedenini, ruhunu ve \u015ferefini korurdu. Bu da nispeten kad\u0131n\u0131n erke\u011fi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda hukukunun azalmas\u0131na vesile oluyordu.<\/p>\n<p>Do\u011fal olarak da kad\u0131n\u0131n hukuku azd\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc erkek h\u00e2liyle kendini kad\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in feda ediyor ve ona kar\u015f\u0131 kalkan g\u00f6revi yap\u0131yordu. Bundan dolay\u0131 da i\u015fin tabiat\u0131 gere\u011fi kad\u0131n\u0131n erke\u011fe tabi olmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n<p>G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ise han\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in kendini kalkan edecek erkek mevcut de\u011fildir. Yani bu sorumluluk erke\u011fin de\u011fil, devletin ve onun kolluk g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin uhdesinde olan bir sorumluluktur.<\/p>\n<p>Bu d\u00f6nemde art\u0131k bireysel ve kabilevi sava\u015flar sona ermi\u015ftir. Bir a\u015firetin di\u011fer bir a\u015fireti tehdit etmesi, erkeklerini \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcp kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 cariye almas\u0131 art\u0131k son bulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p>Bunlar kadim zamanlarda s\u00f6z konusuydu. Bundan dolay\u0131 da erkek as\u0131l olarak kabul ediliyordu ve kad\u0131n da bunun i\u00e7in erke\u011fine tabiydi.<\/p>\n<p>Fakat g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bu i\u015fler son buldu\u011fu i\u00e7in <em>&#8220;k\u0131vam\/y\u00f6neticilik&#8221; <\/em>ve <em>&#8220;korumac\u0131l\u0131k&#8221; <\/em>mefhumlar\u0131 da de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015ftir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla<em> &#8220;tabiiyetin&#8221; <\/em>de de\u011fi\u015fmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n<p>\u015eu d\u00f6nemlerde art\u0131k kad\u0131n erke\u011fe tabi de\u011fildir. Art\u0131k bu d\u00f6nemlerde hayat m\u00fc\u015fterektir. M\u00fc\u015fterek oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in de art\u0131k erke\u011fin as\u0131l, kad\u0131n\u0131n da yedek olmas\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6nceden de i\u015faret etti\u011fimiz gibi Araplar\u0131n cahiliyet d\u00f6nemindeki zarfiyeti (yani eski Arap k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc), erke\u011fin as\u0131l olmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiriyordu.<\/p>\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca kadim inan\u00e7lara g\u00f6re yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015fta da as\u0131l olan \u00c2dem&#8217;dir. Allah \u00f6nce onu, sonra da ona arkada\u015fl\u0131k etsin diye Havva&#8217;y\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Asl\u0131nda bu inan\u00e7 do\u011fru de\u011fildir. Hem Tevrat&#8217;ta hem de biz M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n hadis kaynaklar\u0131nda mevcut olmas\u0131yla birlikte sahih de\u011fildir. Bir hurafe ve efsaneden ibarettir.<\/p>\n<p>Gelenekselci rivayet kaynaklar\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle ge\u00e7er:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\"><strong><em>Allah, ilk \u00f6nce \u00c2dem&#8217;i yaratt\u0131. Onun yarat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 topra\u011f\u0131n arta kalan\u0131ndan da Havva&#8217;y\u0131 yaratt\u0131.<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\nYani bu inan\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yine kad\u0131n (Havva) erke\u011fe (\u00c2dem&#8217;e) tabidir.<\/p>\n<p><em>Oysaki bu inan\u00e7 bu anda kad\u0131n i\u00e7in bir ihanettir. Kad\u0131n ni\u00e7in erke\u011fe tabi olsun ki?<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Kad\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 erke\u011fin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan daha \u00f6nemlidir. Asl\u0131nda ilk olarak Allah&#8217;\u0131n \u00c2dem&#8217;i yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul etsek dahi onda var etti\u011fi erkeklik organ\u0131ndan onun i\u00e7in bir kad\u0131n\u0131n da var oldu\u011fu veya olaca\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Di\u011fer bir ifadeyle Allah \u00c2dem&#8217;i yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda plan\u0131nda onun i\u00e7in bir kad\u0131n\u0131n da var edilmesi mevcuttu. \u015eayet b\u00f6yle bir plan\u0131 olmasayd\u0131 onda bu <em>&#8220;erkeklik organ\u0131n\u0131&#8221; (.) <\/em>var etmesi ya da Havva&#8217;da o<em> &#8220;do\u011furganl\u0131k organ\u0131n\u0131&#8221; (.)<\/em> yaratmas\u0131 abes olurdu. Buralardan bellidir ki Allah bu varl\u0131klar\u0131 da aynen di\u011fer canl\u0131 varl\u0131klar gibi \u00e7ift yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Dedi\u011fimiz gibi kadim d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncede asalet erkekteydi. Kadim d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc okudu\u011fumuzda fakihlerin \u015fu hatas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\"><em>Fakihler \u015fer&#8217;i h\u00fck\u00fcmleri tarihi zarf\u0131ndan koparm\u0131\u015f ve onlar\u0131 o \u015fekilde g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131p tatbikini gerekli g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015flerdir. Fakihler her ne kadar o h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin tarihi zarfiyetine bakmaks\u0131z\u0131n onlar\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015f olsalar da bizlerin o h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin zaman, mek\u00e2n, k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve tarihsel zarfiyetine de bakmam\u0131z laz\u0131m. Bunlara bak\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra 1.400 y\u0131l \u00f6nceden icra edilen ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar ta\u015f\u0131nan bu h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru olup olmayaca\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda da bulunmam\u0131z icap eder.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\nK\u0131sacas\u0131 hi\u00e7bir h\u00fck\u00fcm, kendi zamansal, mek\u00e2nsal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel zarfiyetinden kopuk de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<p>Evet, \u0130slam&#8217;\u0131n ilk ba\u015flar\u0131nda cahiliye Arap k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn erke\u011fin asaleti \u00fczerine tesis edildi\u011fi do\u011frudur.<\/p>\n<p>Bundan dolay\u0131d\u0131r ki elimizdeki rivayetlerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 kad\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131nama ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrme d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi \u00fczerine bina edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rne\u011fin \u0130mam Ali&#8217;ye nispet edilen<em> &#8220;Nehc\u00fc&#8217;l-Bela\u011fa&#8221; <\/em>isimli kitapta kad\u0131nlar\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclt\u00fcc\u00fc \u015fu s\u00f6zler ge\u00e7er:<\/p>\n<p class=\"rteindent1\"><em>1- &#8220;Kad\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle \u015ferdir. \u0130yilerinden de sak\u0131n\u0131n.&#8221;<br \/>\n2- &#8220;Kad\u0131nlarla me\u015fverette bulunmay\u0131n\u0131z, ger\u00e7ek \u015fu ki onlar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri \u00e7ok zay\u0131ft\u0131r.&#8221;<br \/>\n3- &#8220;Kad\u0131n akreptir.&#8221;<br \/>\n4- &#8220;Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ak\u0131llar\u0131, imanlar\u0131 ve uyum sa\u011flamalar\u0131 eksiktir.&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\n\u0130\u015fte o d\u00f6nemlerde erke\u011fe s\u00f6ylenecek bir \u015fey yoktu, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc asalet erkekteydi ve kad\u0131n erke\u011fe tabiydi.<\/p>\n<p>\u015eimdiki \u015fu d\u00f6nemde ise i\u015fler b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015f ve mefhumlar farkl\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015eimdiki zamanda kad\u0131nlar daha uyan\u0131k d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor ve naslara bakt\u0131klar\u0131nda rivayetlerde ge\u00e7en s\u00f6zleri \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fcyle kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n<p>Ki\u015filikleri yaralan\u0131yor ve ak\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131n noksan oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen rivayetleri okuduklar\u0131nda muzdarip oluyorlar.<\/p>\n<p>\u015eayet kad\u0131n<em> &#8220;aklen noksan&#8221; <\/em>ise erkek de<em> &#8220;duygusal olarak noksand\u0131r.&#8221;<\/em> Akl\u0131n duygudan daha \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu kim s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir? Oysaki insan\u0131n hayat\u0131 duygular \u00fczerinden devam ediyor. Ak\u0131l ise donuktur.<\/p>\n<p>\u015eayet erke\u011fin akl\u0131n\u0131n kad\u0131n\u0131n akl\u0131ndan daha b\u00fcy\u00fck oldu\u011funu farz etsek dahi kad\u0131nlarda buldu\u011fumuz bu cahillikler, onlarda bulunan zat\u00ee cahillikler de\u011fil, ar\u0131z\u00ee cahilliklerdir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc erkek \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131 pazarda gezip dola\u015f\u0131yor, al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f yap\u0131yor, uzunca y\u0131llar ticaretle i\u015ftigal ediyor, okullarda okuyor.<\/p>\n<p>Bu ve bunun gibi birtak\u0131m nedenlerden dolay\u0131 da erke\u011fin akl\u0131 daha b\u00fcy\u00fck oluyor. \u015eayet bu imk\u00e2nlar kad\u0131nlara verilmi\u015f olsayd\u0131, kad\u0131n d\u0131\u015far\u0131da, erkek de ev i\u015fleriyle ilgilenseydi kesinlikle kad\u0131n\u0131n akl\u0131 erke\u011fin akl\u0131ndan daha b\u00fcy\u00fck olurdu.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130mam Ali&#8217;nin dedi\u011fi gibi <em>&#8220;Ak\u0131l, ticaret etmek gibidir.&#8221; <\/em>Erke\u011fin akl\u0131, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ticaretten dolay\u0131 daha b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. B\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc zat\u0131ndan de\u011fil, ticaretinden kaynaklan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>Kad\u0131nlar i\u00e7in bu cehalet bir farazadan ibaret oldu\u011fu gibi \u00f6rt\u00fc\/hicap da \u00f6yledir. Hicap, toplumsall\u0131k ile ilgili bir konudur.<\/p>\n<p>Eski d\u00f6nemlerdeki topluluklarda, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki gibi kad\u0131n-erkek kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 bu denli yayg\u0131n ve icbari de\u011fildi.<\/p>\n<p>G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde kad\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6\u011fretmen, doktor, b\u00fcrokrat, e\u011fitimci, memur, i\u015f\u00e7i vs. olmas\u0131, toplumsal gereklerden biridir. Bu alanlarda da kad\u0131nlar\u0131n bulunmalar\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u015fimdiki topluluklarda farkl\u0131 bi\u00e7imlerde kad\u0131n-erkek kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 mevcuttur. Yani art\u0131k bu kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazd\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla da din\u00ee olmayan radikal yasalar\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi gerekir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu radikal h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin (yasalar\u0131n) as\u0131llar\u0131 \u00f6rfe dayal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Nitekim \u00f6nceden de s\u00f6yledik ki fakihler \u015fu ana kadar \u00f6rfi olan h\u00fck\u00fcmler ile din\u00ee olan h\u00fck\u00fcmleri birbirlerinden ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. T\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn de Allah&#8217;tan oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n<p>Kur&#8217;an&#8217;da kimi ayetler vard\u0131r ki onda ge\u00e7en h\u00fck\u00fcmler yaln\u0131zca Nebi&#8217;nin e\u015flerine hast\u0131r. T\u00fcm m\u00fcfessirler onu \u00f6yle kabul etmi\u015flerdir. Nitekim \u015fu ayet onlardan biridir:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\"><em><strong>Peygamberin e\u015flerinden bir \u015fey istedi\u011finiz zaman, onu hicap (perde) arkas\u0131ndan isteyin.<\/strong>\u00a0(Ahzab: 53)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\nAyette ge\u00e7en <em>&#8220;hicap&#8221;<\/em>, kad\u0131n\u0131n kafas\u0131na \u00f6rtt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc him\u00e2r\/ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc de\u011fildir.<em> &#8220;Hicap&#8221;, <\/em>o g\u00fcnk\u00fc \u015fartlarda evlerin d\u0131\u015f kap\u0131s\u0131na as\u0131lan bir \u00f6rt\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p>O d\u00f6nemdeki Araplar, Nebi&#8217;nin e\u015flerinin bulundu\u011fu odaya direkt olarak giriyorlard\u0131 ve yiyecek, i\u00e7ecek, giyecek vs. gibi ihtiya\u00e7 duyduklar\u0131 \u015feyleri o perdenin \u00f6n\u00fcnde durup onlardan istemiyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bu da Nebi&#8217;yi \u00fcz\u00fcyordu. B\u00f6ylece bu ayet nazil oldu ve Nebi ile e\u015flerine has birtak\u0131m talimatlar getirdi. \u00d6rne\u011fin bir ayette \u015f\u00f6yle bir talimat veriliyor:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\"><em><strong>Ey iman edenler. Sesinizi Peygamber&#8217;in sesinin \u00fcst\u00fcne y\u00fckseltmeyin. (Peygamberin sesini bast\u0131racak \u015fekilde konu\u015fmay\u0131n.) Birbirinizle y\u00fcksek sesle konu\u015ftu\u011funuz gibi onunla y\u00fcksek sesle (ba\u011f\u0131rarak) konu\u015fmay\u0131n. Yoksa fark\u0131na varmadan i\u015fledikleriniz bo\u015funa gider.\u00a0<\/strong>(Hucurat: 2)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\nYine ba\u015fka bir ayet de peygamberin evine gelip yemeklerini yedikten sonra \u00e7ekip gitmeyen ve uzunca bir zaman orada oturup sohbet eden Araplar\u0131 ikaz etmek i\u00e7in nazil olmu\u015f ve \u015fu talimat\u0131 vermi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\"><em><strong>Ey iman edenler. Peygamberin evlerine izinsiz girmeyin. Fakat yemek i\u00e7in size izin verilirse yeme\u011fin haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131n\u0131 beklemeyin. Ancak \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z zaman girin ve yeme\u011finizi yedi\u011finizde sohbete dalmadan da\u011f\u0131l\u0131n. Bu, peygamberi incitiyor, ama o sizden utan\u0131yordu. Fakat Allah hakk\u0131 s\u00f6ylemekten utanmaz.\u00a0<\/strong>(Ahzab: 53)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\n\u0130\u015fte bu h\u00fck\u00fcmler, Nebi&#8217;ye has h\u00fck\u00fcmlerdir. Nebi evinin kap\u0131s\u0131na bir perde ast\u0131 ki e\u015fleri ile ihtiya\u00e7 sahibi yoksullar\u0131 birbirinden uzak tutsun.<\/p>\n<p>\u015eayet denilse ki Kur&#8217;an:<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>&#8220;Ku\u015fkusuz peygamberde sizin i\u00e7in\u2026 g\u00fczel bir \u00f6rnek vard\u0131r&#8221;<\/strong> (Ahzab: 21) ayeti mucibince, peygamber e\u015fleriyle ilgili ne yapt\u0131ysa o yap\u0131lanlar bizler i\u00e7in bir \u00f6rnektir ve bizlerin de ayn\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yapmam\u0131z gerekmez mi?<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u015eu cevab\u0131 veririz:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\"><em>Sizin s\u00f6yledi\u011finiz o d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi kabul etti\u011fimiz takdirde Kur&#8217;an&#8217;\u0131n Nebi&#8217;nin e\u015fleri hakk\u0131nda s\u00f6yledi\u011fi \u015fu h\u00fckm\u00fc de kendi e\u015flerimiz hakk\u0131nda icra etmemiz gerekir. H\u00fck\u00fcm \u015fudur:<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\"><em><strong>&#8216;(Ey peygamberin e\u015fleri.) Evlerinizde oturunuz.&#8217;<\/strong> (Ahzab: 33)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\n<em>\u015eayet birtak\u0131m h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin Nebi&#8217;ye has oldu\u011funu ve geneli ilgilendirmedi\u011fini kabul eder isek o takdirde bu ayete istinaden t\u00fcm m\u00fcminlerin e\u015flerinin de evlerinde oturup d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmamalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6ylememiz do\u011fru olur mu? <\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Acaba bunu s\u00f6ylesek bile m\u00fcminlere kabul ettirme imk\u00e2n\u0131m\u0131z olur mu?<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Bizim \u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda kad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00f6\u011fretmenlik, doktorluk, hem\u015firelik, memurluk vs. yapmalar\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n<p><em>Bu g\u00f6revleri yapt\u0131klar\u0131 takdirde de Nebi&#8217;ye muhalefet etmi\u015f olmazlar m\u0131? <\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Buna ra\u011fmen bu i\u015fleri yapm\u0131\u015f olurlarsa toplumda bir karga\u015fa v\u00fccuda gelmez mi?<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Bizler toplumsal alanda ya cahiliye asr\u0131na geri d\u00f6n\u00fcp kad\u0131nlar\u0131 toplumun aras\u0131na sokmayaca\u011f\u0131z ya da kad\u0131nlarla ilgili h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin radikalli\u011fini de\u011fi\u015ftirece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n<p>Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Nebi&#8217;ye has h\u00fck\u00fcmler ile insanlara ait h\u00fck\u00fcmleri birbirinden ayr\u0131 tutmak gerekir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rne\u011fin Nebi, <em>&#8220;10 han\u0131mla dahi evlenebilir.&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u015eimdi Nebi bizim \u00f6rne\u011fimizdir diye acaba bizler de 10 han\u0131mla evlenebilir miyiz?<\/em><\/p>\n<p>K\u0131sacas\u0131 Nebi, bizler i\u00e7in kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc h\u00fck\u00fcmlerde rol model de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcm tefsirciler <em>&#8220;perde arkas\u0131ndan&#8221; <\/em>h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn Nebi&#8217;nin e\u015flerine has oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylerler ve Nebi&#8217;nin e\u015flerinin di\u011fer m\u00fcminlerin e\u015flerinden ayr\u0131 bir stat\u00fcye tabi oldu\u011funu beyan ederler.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rne\u011fin \u015fu ayetler o s\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcz i\u00e7in g\u00fczel \u00f6rneklerdir:<\/p>\n<p class=\"rteindent1\">1-<strong> &#8220;Ey Peygamberin e\u015fleri. Sizden kim a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a bir k\u00f6t\u00fc i\u015f yaparsa onun azab\u0131 2 kat olur. Bu, Allah i\u00e7in kolayd\u0131r.&#8221;<\/strong> (Ahzab: 30)<\/p>\n<p class=\"rteindent1\">2- <strong>&#8220;Sizden kim Allah ve Peygamberine boyun e\u011fer ve iyi i\u015f yaparsa onun m\u00fck\u00e2fat\u0131n\u0131 da 2 kat veririz ve ona de\u011ferli bir r\u0131z\u0131k haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015f\u0131z.&#8221;<\/strong> (Ahzab: 31)<\/p>\n<p class=\"rteindent1\">3- <strong>&#8220;Ey Peygamberin e\u015fleri. Takval\u0131 oldu\u011funuz takdirde siz, kad\u0131nlardan herhangi biri gibi de\u011filsiniz.&#8221;<\/strong> (Ahzab: 32)<\/p>\n<p>\nAyetlerde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi Nebi&#8217;nin han\u0131mlar\u0131 iyi i\u015fler yapt\u0131klar\u0131 zaman 2 kat m\u00fck\u00e2fat ald\u0131klar\u0131 gibi k\u00f6t\u00fc i\u015fler yapt\u0131klar\u0131nda da 2 kat ceza almaktalar ve bunlar genel han\u0131mlara de\u011fil de yaln\u0131zca Nebi&#8217;nin e\u015flerine hast\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Fakat baz\u0131 ayetler vard\u0131r ki Nebi&#8217;nin e\u015fleri de d\u00e2hil genele tavsiye mahiyetindedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u015fu ayet:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\"><em><strong>Kalbinde hastal\u0131k bulunan kimsede meyil olu\u015fmas\u0131n diye nazik konu\u015fmay\u0131n; uygun ve g\u00fczel s\u00f6z s\u00f6yleyin. <\/strong>(Ahzab: 32)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\nYani yabanc\u0131 bir erke\u011fin kalbinden <em>&#8220;bu kad\u0131n\u0131n ki\u015fili\u011fi yoktur, nefsini teslim edebilir, bunda ahlaki ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k yoktur&#8221;<\/em> gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler ge\u00e7mesin diye Kur&#8217;an bu tavsiye ve nasihatlerde bulunuyor ve bu da geneldir.<\/p>\n<p>Fakat fakihler, Kur&#8217;an ve hadislerde ge\u00e7en pek \u00e7ok <em>&#8220;nasihat t\u00fcr\u00fc s\u00f6z\u00fc&#8221; <\/em>bir h\u00fck\u00fcm \u015feklinde de\u011ferlendirmi\u015f ve onlara din\u00ee h\u00fck\u00fcm \u015feklini vermi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n<p>Onlardan biri de <em>&#8220;e\u015finin izni olmadan han\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n evinden d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kamayaca\u011f\u0131&#8221; <\/em>konusudur. Fakihler bunun haram oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015flerdir. Bu fetvay\u0131 verirken de<em> &#8220;ahlaki h\u00fck\u00fcm&#8221;<\/em> olan bir rivayete dayanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. O rivayet de \u015fudur:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\"><em>Bir kad\u0131n Nebi&#8217;ye gelip \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015ftir:<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"rteindent1\"><strong><span style=\"color:#000000\"><em>&#8216;Babam hastad\u0131r, fakat kocam onu ziyarete gitmemi bana yasakl\u0131yor. Ne etmeliyim?&#8217;<\/em><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\n<span style=\"color:#000000\"><em>Nebi ona:<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"rteindent1\"><strong><span style=\"color:#000000\"><em>&#8216;Evinde otur (gitme), ona da sana da (gitmez isen) \u00f6d\u00fcl ve sevap vard\u0131r.&#8217;<\/em><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\n<span style=\"color:#000000\"><em>Kad\u0131n bir m\u00fcddet sonra yine geldi ve:<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"rteindent1\"><strong><span style=\"color:#000000\"><em>&#8216;Babam \u00f6l\u00fcm d\u00f6\u015fe\u011findedir, son olarak \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmek istiyor&#8217; <\/em><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color:#000000\"><em>dedi.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\n<span style=\"color:#000000\"><em>Nebi yine ayn\u0131 s\u00f6z\u00fc s\u00f6yledi. Kad\u0131n tekrar geri d\u00f6nd\u00fc ve bir m\u00fcddet sonra tekrar Nebi&#8217;ye geldi, fakat bu sefer de babas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yledi, fakat onun cenazesine i\u015ftirak etmek istedi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. Nebi tekrar kad\u0131na kocas\u0131n\u0131 dinlemesini ve babas\u0131n\u0131n cenazesine i\u015ftirak etmemesini s\u00f6yledi.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\nBu \u015fu demektir:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\"><em>Yani bu han\u0131m kendi radikal e\u015fiyle bir sorunla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, Nebi ise bu kad\u0131n\u0131n e\u015fiyle evlilik ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kopmamas\u0131n\u0131 \u0131srarla istemi\u015ftir.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\nA\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7as\u0131 bu kad\u0131n\u0131n babas\u0131n\u0131n evine gitmesiyle kocas\u0131n\u0131n onu bo\u015famas\u0131n\u0131 istememi\u015ftir. Nebi bunu b\u00f6yle yapmakla o i\u015fin \u015fer&#8217;i h\u00fck\u00fcm oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylememi\u015ftir. Nebi&#8217;nin o kad\u0131na s\u00f6yledikleri b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle ahlaki h\u00fck\u00fcmlerdir.<\/p>\n<p>Yani <em>&#8220;evlili\u011fi korumak, ahlaken baba ziyaretine gitmekten daha \u00f6nemlidir.&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n<p>O kad\u0131n\u0131n e\u015fi bir bedevi Arap&#8217;t\u0131r. \u0130slam&#8217;dan isminden ba\u015fka bir \u015feyi bilmiyor ve ayr\u0131ca da radikal birisidir. Fakat anla\u015f\u0131lan o ki e\u015fi dindar ve m\u00fcmine birisidir. Nebi de ona ahlaksal tavsiyelerde bulunuyor.<\/p>\n<p>Fakihler de bu durum i\u00e7in<strong><em> &#8220;e\u015finin izni olmadan evden \u00e7\u0131kmak kad\u0131na haramd\u0131r&#8221;<\/em><\/strong> h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc sad\u0131r ediyorlar.<\/p>\n<p>Oysaki Nebi \u00f6yle yapmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca kocan\u0131n hakk\u0131n\u0131n baba ve anneden daha fazla oldu\u011funu da hi\u00e7 kimse s\u00f6ylememi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>O k\u0131z\u0131 anne do\u011furmu\u015f ve babas\u0131yla birlikte anne b\u00fcy\u00fctm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. 20 y\u0131l sonra koca gelmi\u015f, onun \u00fczerinde tek ba\u015f\u0131na hak sahibi olmu\u015ftur, \u00f6yle mi?<\/p>\n<p>Hay\u0131r efendim. Kocan\u0131n onun \u00fczerinde hak sahibi oldu\u011fu kadar baba ve annenin de onun \u00fczerinde hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r. Kocan\u0131n baba ve anneyi engelleyecek derecede e\u015fi \u00fczerinde bask\u0131 kurmas\u0131, cahiliye d\u00f6nemi Arap k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr ve kad\u0131n haklar\u0131na tecav\u00fczd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p>Fakat \u00f6nceden de i\u015faret etti\u011fimiz gibi \u015fu anda bu mefhumlar de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Biz M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlarda kad\u0131n hususundaki fetvalar ile ilgili 3 sorunumuz vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u2022\u00a0\u00a0Birincisi: Kad\u0131n-erkek kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6rfi oldu\u011fu boyutunu \u015fer&#8217;i oldu\u011fu boyutuyla kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f olmam\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Fakihler, \u00f6rf\u00fcn kad\u0131nlarla ilgili vacip k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 baz\u0131 konular\u0131 \u015feriat\u0131n vacibiymi\u015f gibi bir h\u00fckme d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015flerdir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u00f6rfi olan ile \u015fer&#8217;i olan\u0131 birbirinden ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak gerekir. Nitekim \u00f6nceden de Kerbela, Necef, Mekke ve Medine gibi mutaass\u0131p b\u00f6lgelerdeki han\u0131mlar\u0131n<em> &#8220;aba\/\u00e7ar\u015faf&#8221; <\/em>\u00f6rtmelerinin \u00f6rf a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan vacip oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftim. Fakat bu (aba), \u015feriat a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan vacip de\u011fildir. Oralardaki \u00f6rfe g\u00f6re kad\u0131n\u0131n \u015fahsiyeti hafife al\u0131nmas\u0131n diye aba ile dola\u015fmas\u0131 vaciptir.<\/p>\n<p>Aynen \u00f6yle, kimi mutaass\u0131p din\u00ee topluluklarda kad\u0131nlar i\u00e7in dar pantolon giymek haramd\u0131r. Dar pantolon giyene menfi bir g\u00f6zle bak\u0131l\u0131r. Bu bak\u0131\u015ftan dolay\u0131, sanevi bir unvan ile \u015fer&#8217;an da haram olmu\u015f olur. Yani kad\u0131n\u0131n kendi \u015fahsiyetine ihtiram g\u00f6stermesi ve sayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumas\u0131 gerekir. Nitekim hadislerde de \u015f\u00f6yle ge\u00e7er:<\/p>\n<p class=\"rteindent1\"><em>&#8220;M\u00fcmine yolunu sapmak yak\u0131\u015fmaz.&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"rteindent1\"><em>&#8220;Allah&#8217;\u0131n rahmeti, kendinden g\u0131ybeti uzakla\u015ft\u0131ranlarad\u0131r.&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\nBu rivayetlere bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda demek ki \u00fcnvan-\u0131 saneviye olarak kad\u0131nlara aba\/\u00e7ar\u015faf giymek vacip, dar pantolon giymek ise haramd\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc halk\u0131n kafas\u0131nda birtak\u0131m soru i\u015faretleri yarat\u0131p kendi sayg\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131na vesile oluyorlar. Fakat bu durum, o topluluklar\u0131n \u00f6rf\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6yledir, din\u00ee a\u00e7\u0131dan de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<p>\n<strong>\u2022\u00a0 \u0130kincisi: Fakihlerin din\u00ee h\u00fck\u00fcmler ile ahlaki h\u00fck\u00fcmleri birbiriyle kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f olmalar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00d6nceden de i\u015faret etti\u011fimiz gibi <em>&#8220;e\u015finin izni olmaks\u0131z\u0131n kad\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131n haram olmas\u0131&#8221; <\/em>h\u00fckm\u00fc din\u00ee de\u011fil, ahlaki bir h\u00fck\u00fcmd\u00fcr. Nitekim ahk\u00e2mlardan bir\u00e7o\u011fu da ahlaki h\u00fck\u00fcmlerdir. \u00d6rne\u011fin din\u00ee bir h\u00fck\u00fcmlermi\u015f gibi kabul edilen \u015f\u00f6yle bir ahlaki h\u00fck\u00fcm vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<p class=\"rteindent1\"><em>&#8220;Evlat ve sahip oldu\u011fu her mal, babas\u0131n\u0131nd\u0131r.&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\nBu, ahlaki bir h\u00fck\u00fcmd\u00fcr. Bunun \u00fczerine din\u00ee ve hukuki h\u00fck\u00fcmler bina etmek do\u011fru de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<p>Kom\u015fuluk hakk\u0131yla ilgili h\u00fck\u00fcm de \u00f6yledir. Baba ve annenin hakk\u0131 ve bunlarla ilgili h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin t\u00fcm\u00fc de ahlaki h\u00fck\u00fcm ve hukuklard\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcrden ahlaki h\u00fck\u00fcmlerden din\u00ee h\u00fck\u00fcmler \u00e7\u0131kartmak do\u011fru de\u011fildir. Yani evlad\u0131n baba ve annesine onlar\u0131n istedikleri gibi itaat etmelerinin vacip olu\u015fu do\u011fru de\u011fildir. Ya da baban\u0131n diledi\u011fi \u015fekilde evlad\u0131n\u0131n mal\u0131ndan al\u0131p kullanmas\u0131 da do\u011fru de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<p>Asl\u0131nda baban\u0131n b\u00f6yle yapmas\u0131 haram ve bir t\u00fcr h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131kt\u0131r. Fakat ahlaki h\u00fck\u00fcmler ile din\u00ee h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin aras\u0131n\u0131 temyiz etti\u011fimiz takdirde din\u00ee h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin bir\u00e7o\u011funun dinde temelinin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f olaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rfte ve ahlakta temeli olan h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin neler oldu\u011funu fakihlerin ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p bulmalar\u0131 gerekir. \u00dcz\u00fclerek belirtmeliyim ki \u015fu ana kadar fakihlerin bu h\u00fck\u00fcmleri birbirinden ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in herhangi bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011funa ben \u015fahit olmam\u0131\u015f\u0131m.<\/p>\n<p>\n<strong>\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc: \u015eeriatta bir\u00e7ok \u00f6rfi, ahlaki ve din\u00ee h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin birbiriyle kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 bunlarla halka zulmedilmektedir <\/strong>ve bence bunlar\u0131n birbirinden ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmamalar\u0131n\u0131n nedeni ise siyasi ve politiktir.<\/p>\n<p>Daha do\u011frusu fakihlerin Allah&#8217;tanm\u0131\u015f gibi halka lanse ettikleri ve onlar\u0131n vesilesiyle halka zulmettikleri o h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin t\u00fcm\u00fc de Allah&#8217;tan de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<p>O t\u00fcrden h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin naslarda yer almalar\u0131n\u0131n nedeni ise o d\u00f6nemdeki h\u00fck\u00fcmetin<em> &#8220;din\u00ee h\u00fck\u00fcmet&#8221;<\/em> olmas\u0131ndan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rne\u011fin insanlara <em>&#8220;din\u00ee h\u00fck\u00fcm&#8221;<\/em> ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda yap\u0131lan zul\u00fcmlerden biri de<em> &#8220;m\u00fcrtedin katlinin vacip olmas\u0131&#8221;<\/em> h\u00fckm\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm naslarda da yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc o d\u00f6nemdeki h\u00fck\u00fcmetler <em>&#8220;vatanda\u015fl\u0131\u011fa&#8221;<\/em> de\u011fil, dine dayanmay\u0131 gerektirirdi.<\/p>\n<p>Yani \u00f6rne\u011fin bir toplumun b\u00fct\u00fcn fertlerinin X dininden oldu\u011funu farz edelim. Bu dinden olmayanlar ya d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131yd\u0131 ya da ehl-i zimmetti ve cizye\/vergi \u00f6demeleri gerekirdi. Bu durum, \u0130slam&#8217;\u0131n ilk ba\u015flar\u0131nda M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplulu\u011fun dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 toplumsal dayanakt\u0131. Yani M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n toplumsal yap\u0131s\u0131 bundan ibaretti.<\/p>\n<p>Fakat \u015fu d\u00f6nemde bu yap\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015ftir. Toplumsal yap\u0131 din \u00fczerine de\u011fil, &#8220;vatanda\u015fl\u0131k&#8221; \u00fczerine bina edilmi\u015ftir. Bu d\u00f6nemde art\u0131k bir m\u00fc\u015friki katletmek caiz de\u011fildir. Aynen \u00f6yle, m\u00fcrtet olan\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek de caiz de\u011fildir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc kadim d\u00f6nemde M\u00fcsl\u00fcman toplumsal yap\u0131 din \u00fczerine kurulu bir yap\u0131yd\u0131, yani itikat \u00fczere bina edilmi\u015fti; insani de\u011ferler ve vatanda\u015fl\u0131k \u00fczere bina edilmi\u015f bir yap\u0131 de\u011fildi.<\/p>\n<p>K\u00fclt\u00fcr de\u011fi\u015fince h\u00fck\u00fcm de de\u011fi\u015fir. De\u011fi\u015fen h\u00fck\u00fcmlerden biri de &#8220;m\u00fcrtedin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesi&#8221; h\u00fckm\u00fcd\u00fcr. Demek ki m\u00fcrtedin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesi h\u00fckm\u00fc, \u015feriat\/din esaslar\u0131ndan biri de\u011fildir. Yani bunun k\u00f6k\u00fc \u015feriata dayanmamaktad\u0131r. Siyasi zarfiyetin getirdi\u011fi bir h\u00fck\u00fcmd\u00fcr ve siyasi zarfiyet bu h\u00fckm\u00fc vacip k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nitekim ahlaki h\u00fck\u00fcm de kad\u0131n\u0131n e\u015finin izni olmadan evinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmamas\u0131n\u0131 gerekli k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ya da \u00f6rf bunu b\u00f6yle gerektirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130\u015fte burada fakihlere vacip olan, o s\u00f6yledi\u011fimiz ve burada da s\u0131ralayaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z 3 \u015feyin aras\u0131n\u0131 ay\u0131rmalar\u0131d\u0131r:<\/p>\n<p class=\"rteindent1\">1- Fakihler mutlaka \u00f6rfi olan h\u00fck\u00fcmler ile \u015fer&#8217;i olan h\u00fck\u00fcmleri birbirinden ay\u0131rt etmeliler.<\/p>\n<p class=\"rteindent1\">2- Yine fakihlere vacip olan \u015fey, ahlaki olan h\u00fck\u00fcmler ile \u015fer&#8217;i olan h\u00fck\u00fcmleri de tasnif edip ay\u0131rmal\u0131lar.<\/p>\n<p class=\"rteindent1\">3- Yine onlar, siyasi olan h\u00fck\u00fcmler ile \u015fer&#8217;i olan h\u00fck\u00fcmleri de birbirlerinden ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131lar.<\/p>\n<p>\nG\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde art\u0131k bu 3 \u00e7e\u015fit h\u00fck\u00fcm birbirleriyle kar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r ve \u015feriat ger\u00e7ekten insanlar i\u00e7in hayli a\u011f\u0131r olmu\u015ftur. Oysaki kabul edilen \u015fey, \u015feriat\u0131n hafif olu\u015fudur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Nebi \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color:#000000\"><strong><em>Size kolayl\u0131k i\u00e7eren bir \u015feriat getirdim.<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\nVicdanen s\u00f6ylersek d\u00fcnyadaki insanlar i\u00e7in en a\u011f\u0131r \u015feriat, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki fakihlerin icat ettikleri \u0130slam \u015feriat\u0131d\u0131r. Budist inanc\u0131nda bu kadar h\u00fck\u00fcm yoktur. Yahudi ve Hristiyan inanc\u0131nda da \u00f6yle.<\/p>\n<p>Oysaki \u0130slam inanc\u0131nda binlerce \u015feriat h\u00fckm\u00fc vard\u0131r. Abdest, namaz, oru\u00e7 ve hacdan tutun da di\u011fer konularla ilgili binlerce h\u00fck\u00fcm mevcuttur. Oysaki di\u011fer inan\u00e7larda bunlar yoktur.<\/p>\n<p>Onlarda do\u011fum, \u00f6l\u00fcm, evlilik, bayram vs. ile ilgili 15-20 h\u00fck\u00fcm vard\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u0130slam \u015feriat\u0131n\u0131n da hafif olmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130nsanlar akl\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, \u00fcretim, ilim, bilim, teknik, teknoloji vs.ye kullanmas\u0131 gerekirken ve t\u00fcm gayretlerini o boyutlara sarf etmeleri icap ederken \u015feriat\u0131n kalk\u0131p da insanlar\u0131n t\u00fcm gayretlerini, esnaf\u0131n mal\u0131n\u0131, bilginlerin ilmini, devletin imk\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131 Kur&#8217;an&#8217;\u0131n tefsirlerine, f\u0131kh\u0131n ilmihallerine, tarihi bilgilere, din\u00ee bilgileri veren kitaplar\u0131n yaz\u0131l\u0131p yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131na, terc\u00fcme edilip bas\u0131lmas\u0131na, binlerce kitab\u0131n din ve din\u00ee h\u00fck\u00fcmlerle ilgili farkl\u0131 dillerden \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131l\u0131p insanlar\u0131n ellerine ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nlendirmesi ve bu hususlarda seferberlik ilan\u0131nda bulunmas\u0131 do\u011fru de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<p>Gayrim\u00fcslim topluluklara gitti\u011finizde bas\u0131lan ve yay\u0131nlanan kitaplar\u0131n aras\u0131nda ancak binde bir tanesinin din\u00ee kitaplar oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rmektesiniz.<\/p>\n<p>Di\u011fer bir ifadeyle o topluluklarda din, insan \u00e7abas\u0131n\u0131n %5&#8217;ini ancak te\u015fkil etmektedir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla di\u011fer topluluklar ak\u0131llar\u0131n\u0131, mali g\u00fc\u00e7lerini ve insani gayretlerini bu d\u00fcnyay\u0131 tesis etmek i\u00e7in seferber etmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n<p>Fakat biz M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n y\u00fczde 99&#8217;u t\u00fcm gayretlerimizi din ve \u015feriat i\u00e7in sarf etmekteyiz. Bizler az\u0131c\u0131k ekonomik g\u00fc\u00e7 bulunca hac, Kerbela, Me\u015fhed ve di\u011fer yerlerdeki ziyaret yerlerine ko\u015fuyoruz.<\/p>\n<p>Yetimlere, yoksullara ve ihtiya\u00e7 sahiplerine de\u011fil de imk\u00e2nlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 nezir\/adak olarak \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin&#8217;e, Hz. Abbas&#8217;a, \u0130mam R\u0131za&#8217;ya ve di\u011fer t\u00fcrbelere veriyor ve onlar\u0131 ziyarete gelenler i\u00e7in lokma da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 yolunda harc\u0131yoruz. Muharrem, Erbain, A\u015fura ve Ramazan ihsan\u0131 i\u00e7in harcamaktay\u0131z.<\/p>\n<p>Kad\u0131nlar hakk\u0131nda da k\u0131saca \u015funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz:<\/p>\n<p>Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n kendi haklar\u0131n\u0131 talepte bulunup almalar\u0131, onlar\u0131n kendilerine farzd\u0131r. Erkeklerin gelip de &#8220;Al\u0131n hakk\u0131n\u0131z\u0131&#8221; diye onlara haklar\u0131n\u0131 vereceklerini beklemeleri yersiz bir beklentidir. \u0130mam Ali&#8217;nin dedi\u011fi gibi &#8220;Haklar verilmez, al\u0131n\u0131r.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Hatta erkekler onlara haklar\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015f olsalar bile yine de erkeklerde ba\u015fka birtak\u0131m d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerin bulundu\u011funu bilmeleri gerekir.<\/p>\n<p>Yani erkekler kad\u0131nlara haklar\u0131n\u0131 vermekle yine de onlar\u0131 kendi kontrolleri alt\u0131nda tutmak istediklerini unutmamalar\u0131 laz\u0131m. \u015eayet kad\u0131n\u0131 erkek m\u00fcdafaa etmek ister ise yine de erke\u011fin vesayeti alt\u0131nda kalm\u0131\u015f olur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc<strong><em> &#8220;Korunan, koruyan\u0131n vesayeti alt\u0131ndad\u0131r.&#8221;<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kad\u0131n\u0131n kendisi bizzat okuma, ara\u015ft\u0131rma, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme, m\u00fccadele etme, hak ve hukuk talebinde bulunma, toplum i\u00e7erisine \u00e7\u0131kma, kuruculuk gibi rol belirleme g\u00f6revlerini \u00fcstlenmelidir.<\/p>\n<p>Kad\u0131n, din adamlar\u0131n\u0131n dedikleri gibi evinde oturup yaln\u0131zca \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n terbiyecisi, bak\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 ve kocas\u0131n\u0131n hizmet\u00e7isi olma g\u00f6revleriyle yetinmemeli.<\/p>\n<p>Kad\u0131n\u0131 eve mahk\u00fbm etmek, onun hayat\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck f\u0131rsatlar\u0131n\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131rmas\u0131na neden olur. Kad\u0131n \u015fayet \u00f6yle olur ise din\u00ee h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin \u00e7o\u011fu onun i\u00e7in zalim olur ve zul\u00fcmde bulunur.<\/p>\n<p>Hicap\/\u00f6rt\u00fc ile ilgili de en son olarak \u015funu s\u00f6ylemek istiyorum:<\/p>\n<p>M\u00fcmin erkek ve m\u00fcmine kad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu \u00f6rt\u00fcy\u00fc (hicab\u0131) kabul ederler. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00f6rt\u00fc \u00f6nemli bir konudur. Yani \u00f6rt\u00fcy\u00fc kald\u0131rmak da giydirmek de kolay bir i\u015f de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00fcmine k\u0131zlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu evlendiklerinde \u00f6rt\u00fcnmeyi severler. Bununla da evliliklerini ve kocalar\u0131n\u0131 koruduklar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrler. Ve yine kocalar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fka kad\u0131nlara bakmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlediklerini tasavvur ederler. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla hem kendileri \u00f6rt\u00fcnmeyi sever hem de \u00f6rt\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f olan han\u0131mlardan ho\u015flan\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n<p>Evlenmemi\u015f k\u0131zlar ya da dul olan bayanlar, \u00f6rt\u00fcnmeyi pek de sevmezler.<\/p>\n<p>Evli han\u0131mlar e\u015flerinin kad\u0131nlar aras\u0131nda kalmas\u0131ndan korkarlar. Yine e\u015flerinin yolculu\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131ndan, a\u00e7\u0131k sa\u00e7\u0131k bayanlar\u0131n bulunduklar\u0131 ortamlarda bulunmas\u0131ndan \u00e7ekinirler. Ayr\u0131ca s\u00fcsl\u00fc p\u00fcsl\u00fc (makyajl\u0131) han\u0131mlardan da ho\u015flanmazlar.<\/p>\n<p>K\u0131sacas\u0131 kocalar\u0131n\u0131n sapk\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa saplanmas\u0131ndan onlar\u0131 sak\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131rlar. Bundan dolay\u0131 da o t\u00fcr m\u00fcmine han\u0131mlara hicap konusu soruldu\u011funda <em>&#8220;Hicap g\u00fczeldir&#8221; <\/em>derler.<\/p>\n<p>Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde erkekler de han\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p sa\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131ndan, yolculu\u011fa tek ba\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131ndan, gen\u00e7 erkeklerin ona bakmas\u0131ndan \u00e7ekinip korkarlar.<\/p>\n<p>Bundan dolay\u0131 da han\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 hicab\u0131n\/\u00e7ar\u015faf\u0131n i\u00e7erisinde korurlar. \u0130\u015fte hicab\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar devam edip gelmesinin nedenlerinden en \u00f6nemlisi, fakihlerin fetvalar\u0131 de\u011fil, e\u015fler aras\u0131ndaki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 bu \u015fekildeki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerin bulunmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Demek ki ihtiya\u00e7lar de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fi takdirde h\u00fck\u00fcmler de de\u011fi\u015febiliyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u0130slam&#8217;\u0131n ilk d\u00f6nemlerinde M\u00fcsl\u00fcman fakihler ehl-i kitab\u0131n (Yahudi ve Hristiyanlar\u0131n) necis (pislik) olduklar\u0131na dair fetva verirlerdi.<\/p>\n<p>Fakat bu d\u00f6nemde tamam\u0131na yak\u0131n\u0131 onlar\u0131n da temiz olduklar\u0131na dair fetva veriyorlar. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc art\u0131k d\u00fcnya \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve topluluklar karma bir \u015fekilde ya\u015famaktalar. Demek ki fakihlerin fetvas\u0131 ortam\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmesiyle ilgilidir.<\/p>\n<p>Yani erkek e\u015fini korumak istedi\u011finde ona hicap giydiriyor. Kad\u0131n da kocas\u0131n\u0131 korumak istedi\u011finde \u00f6rt\u00fcnmeyi gerekli g\u00f6r\u00fcyor ve di\u011fer han\u0131mlar\u0131n da \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc olmalar\u0131n\u0131 arzu ediyor.<\/p>\n<p>Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u015fayet t\u00fcm han\u0131mlar bu mant\u0131k \u00fczere hicab\u0131 sever ve isterse orada bir sorun olmaz. Fakat han\u0131mlardan evlenmemi\u015f, bo\u015fanm\u0131\u015f ya da dul kalm\u0131\u015f olanlar hicaba muhalif olabilirler.<\/p>\n<p>\n<strong>Sonu\u00e7 olarak \u015funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Hicaptan tek yararlananlar, evli olan kad\u0131n ve kocas\u0131d\u0131r. B\u00f6yle bir kad\u0131n arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda kocas\u0131 ve k\u0131zlar\u0131 i\u00e7in tedirgin olur. Kocas\u0131 ya da k\u0131z\u0131 evden d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p okula veya seyahate gitti\u011finde onlar i\u00e7in kayg\u0131lara kap\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>\u015eayet bu k\u00fclt\u00fcr de\u011fi\u015fir ve hicap kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r ise M\u00fcsl\u00fcman topluluklardaki gen\u00e7 erkekler yeterince k\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fc olmad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in onlara kar\u015f\u0131 vah\u015fice ve ilkel davranm\u0131\u015f olurlar. B\u00f6yle bir durumda da elden bir \u015fey gelmez.<\/p>\n<p>Fakat Bat\u0131 toplumlar\u0131nda bu b\u00f6yle de\u011fildir. Bir kad\u0131n tek ba\u015f\u0131na dahi yolculu\u011fa \u00e7\u0131ksa onun i\u00e7in kayg\u0131 duyulmaz.<\/p>\n<p>Bizim \u015fu andaki k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcz kad\u0131na hicab\u0131 vacip k\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>Hicaba kar\u015f\u0131 olanlar\u0131n bir\u00e7o\u011fu d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kendini korumak i\u00e7in hicaba b\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcyor ve toplum i\u00e7erisinde sayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in b\u00f6yle yap\u0131yor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcz bozuktur.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><strong>*Bu i\u00e7erik serbest gazeteci veya konuk yazarlar taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu i\u00e7erikte yer alan g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ve ifadeler yazara aittir ve Independent T\u00fcrk\u00e7e&#8217;nin edit\u00f6ryal politikas\u0131n\u0131 yans\u0131tmayabilir.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"field field-name-field-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-hidden\">\n<div class=\"field-items\">\n<div class=\"field-item even\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.indyturk.com\/tags\/hicap\">hicap<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"field-item odd\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.indyturk.com\/tags\/ba%C5%9F%C3%B6rt%C3%BCs%C3%BC\">BA\u015e\u00d6RT\u00dcS\u00dc<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"field-item even\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.indyturk.com\/tags\/hasan-kanaatl%C4%B1\">hasan kanaatl\u0131<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"field field-name-field-subtitle field-type-text field-label-hidden\">\n<div class=\"field-items\">\n<div class=\"field-item even\">Hasan Kanaatl\u0131 Independent T\u00fcrk\u00e7e i\u00e7in yazd\u0131<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"field field-name-field-author field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-hidden\">\n<div class=\"field-items\">\n<div class=\"field-item even\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.indyturk.com\/article-author\/hasan-kanaatl%C4%B1\">Hasan Kanaatl\u0131<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"field field-name-field-publication-date field-type-datestamp field-label-hidden\">\n<div class=\"field-items\">\n<div class=\"field-item even\"><span class=\"date-display-single\">Cuma, Ekim 16, 2026 &#8211; 11:30<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"field field-name-field-image field-type-image field-label-above\">\n<div class=\"field-label\">Main image:\u00a0<\/div>\n<div class=\"field-items\">\n<div class=\"field-item even\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.indyturk.com\/sites\/default\/files\/article\/main_image\/2026\/10\/16\/1381810-1750434168.jpg?resize=1280%2C852&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"1280\" height=\"852\" alt=\"\"><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"image-field-caption\">\n<p>&lt;p&gt;Foto\u011fraf:&amp;nbsp;Ropiudin Yahya\/Unsplash&lt;\/p&gt;<\/p><div id=\"dev95-705991535\" class=\"dev95- dev95-entity-placement\" role=\"region\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\"><center>\r\n<script>\r\n  atOptions = {\r\n    'key' : '4ba6b6513c00e0ba76511f798ae56401',\r\n    'format' : 'iframe',\r\n    'height' : 50,\r\n    'width' : 320,\r\n    'params' : {}\r\n  };\r\n<\/script>\r\n<script src=\"https:\/\/www.highrevenueformat.com\/4ba6b6513c00e0ba76511f798ae56401\/invoke.js\"><\/script>\r\n\t<\/center><\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"field field-name-field-main-section field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-hidden\">\n<div class=\"field-items\">\n<div class=\"field-item even\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.indyturk.com\/t%C3%BCrkiyeden-sesler\">T\u00dcRK\u0130YE&#8217;DEN SESLER<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"field field-name-field-type field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above\">\n<div class=\"field-label\">Type:\u00a0<\/div>\n<div class=\"field-items\">\n<div class=\"field-item even\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.indyturk.com\/type\/news\">news<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"field field-name-field-seo-title field-type-text field-label-above\">\n<div class=\"field-label\">SEO Title:\u00a0<\/div>\n<div class=\"field-items\">\n<div class=\"field-item even\">Acaba hicap din\u00ee bir konu mudur, yoksa k\u00fclt\u00fcrel midir?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"field field-name-field-copyright-turkish field-type-list-boolean field-label-above\">\n<div class=\"field-label\">copyright Independentturkish:\u00a0<\/div>\n<div class=\"field-items\">\n<div class=\"field-item even\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin-top: 20px\">\n    <strong>Orijinal makalenin tamam\u0131n\u0131 buradan okuyun:<\/strong><br \/>\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.indyturk.com\/node\/783908\/t%C3%BCrki%CC%87yeden-sesler\/acaba-hicap-din%C3%AE-bir-konu-mudur-yoksa-k%C3%BClt%C3%BCrel-midir\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Orijinal kaynak<\/a>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<p id=\"pvc_stats_16755\" class=\"pvc_stats total_only  \" data-element-id=\"16755\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon large\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" data-prefix=\"far\" data-icon=\"chart-bar\" role=\"img\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" class=\"svg-inline--fa fa-chart-bar fa-w-16 fa-2x\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M396.8 352h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V108.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v230.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm-192 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V140.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v198.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm96 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V204.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v134.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zM496 400H48V80c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16H16C7.16 64 0 71.16 0 80v336c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h464c8.84 0 16-7.16 16-16v-16c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16zm-387.2-48h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8v-70.4c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v70.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8z\" class=\"\"><\/path><\/svg><\/i> <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/dev95.site\/wp-content\/plugins\/page-views-count\/ajax-loader-2x.gif?resize=16%2C16&#038;ssl=1\" border=0 \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<div id=\"dev95-2913228788\" class=\"dev95-after-content dev95-entity-placement\" role=\"region\" aria-label=\"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Finally, a link that actually works for your region and device! \ud83c\udf0d Get instant access to the top exclusive offers tailored just for you right now. Don&#8217;t miss out, click here! \ud83d\udc47<\/strong><br data-sfc-root=\"ep\" data-sfc-pl=\"|||[]\" data-complete=\"true\" data-copy-service-computed-style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif, &quot;Noto Color Emoji&quot;; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10);\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.profitableratecpmnetwork.com\/uzeja8ahze?key=bc876be53d6ad0ff6370ab8ea030e479\"><strong>\ud83d\udd17 [Click here]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>merve.bayrakci Kimi iddialara g\u00f6re &#8220;hicap&#8220; ile ilgili bu denli tembihlerin nedeni, Fars k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Zira bu iddiaya g\u00f6re Abbasi sultanlar\u0131 hicap k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc Farslardan alm\u0131\u015f, kendi ailelerinde uygulam\u0131\u015f ve h\u00e2kimiyet kurduklar\u0131 b\u00f6lge halk\u0131n\u0131n han\u0131m ve k\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131n hicap konusunu uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 tembih etmi\u015flerdir. Oysaki<\/p>\n<div class=\"hosteria-entry-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dev95.site\/ar\/acaba-hicap-dini-bir-konu-mudur-yoksa-kulturel-midir\/\" class=\"no-underline font-light  group-hover:text-primary-800 dark:group-hover:text-primary-300 py-1\">Read more &gt;&gt;&gt;<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>\n<p id=\"pvc_stats_16755\" class=\"pvc_stats total_only\" data-element-id=\"16755\" style=\"\"><i class=\"pvc-stats-icon large\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" data-prefix=\"far\" data-icon=\"chart-bar\" role=\"img\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" class=\"svg-inline--fa fa-chart-bar fa-w-16 fa-2x\"><path fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M396.8 352h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V108.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v230.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm-192 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V140.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v198.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zm96 0h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8V204.8c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v134.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8zM496 400H48V80c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16H16C7.16 64 0 71.16 0 80v336c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h464c8.84 0 16-7.16 16-16v-16c0-8.84-7.16-16-16-16zm-387.2-48h22.4c6.4 0 12.8-6.4 12.8-12.8v-70.4c0-6.4-6.4-12.8-12.8-12.8h-22.4c-6.4 0-12.8 6.4-12.8 12.8v70.4c0 6.4 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8z\" class=\"\"><\/path><\/svg><\/i> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading\" src=\"https:\/\/dev95.site\/wp-content\/plugins\/page-views-count\/ajax-loader-2x.gif\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<div class=\"pvc_clear\"><\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fp_fajr_begins":"","fp_fajr_iqamah":"","fp_dhuhr_begins":"","fp_dhuhr_iqamah":"","fp_asr_begins":"","fp_asr_iqamah":"","fp_maghrib_begins":"","fp_maghrib_iqamah":"","fp_isha_begins":"","fp_isha_iqamah":"","fp_midnight":"","fp_midnight_name":"","fp_sunrise":"","fp_single_prayer_begins_title":"","fp_single_prayer_iqamah_title":"","fp_prayer_times_for_today":"","fp_hijra_date":"","fp_fajr_name":"","fp_dhuhr_name":"","fp_asr_name":"","fp_maghrib_name":"","fp_isha_name":"","fp_sunrise_name":"","fp_currentDate":"","fp_current_time":"","fp_current_title":"","fp_current_location":"","fp_masjid_name":"","fp_prayer_title":"","fp_next_prayer_iqamah_time":"","fp_next_prayer_iqamah_title":"","fp_next_prayer_begins_time":"","fp_next_prayer_begins_title":"","fp_next_prayer_title":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16755","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-posts"],"a3_pvc":{"activated":true,"total_views":0,"today_views":0},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Acaba hicap din\u00ee bir konu mudur, yoksa k\u00fclt\u00fcrel midir? - Dev95<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dev95.site\/ar\/acaba-hicap-dini-bir-konu-mudur-yoksa-kulturel-midir\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Acaba hicap din\u00ee bir konu mudur, yoksa k\u00fclt\u00fcrel midir? - Dev95\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"merve.bayrakci Kimi iddialara g\u00f6re &#8220;hicap&#8220; ile ilgili bu denli tembihlerin nedeni, Fars k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Zira bu iddiaya g\u00f6re Abbasi sultanlar\u0131 hicap k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc Farslardan alm\u0131\u015f, kendi ailelerinde uygulam\u0131\u015f ve h\u00e2kimiyet kurduklar\u0131 b\u00f6lge halk\u0131n\u0131n han\u0131m ve k\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131n hicap konusunu uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 tembih etmi\u015flerdir. 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